Libertarian Party US Presidential Election Results

Overview

Since 1972, there have been 10 different Libertarian Presidential nominees, in 12 elections. (Two candidates were nominated twice.) In 1972, the LP's first Presidential candidate John Hospers received the first and only electoral vote in the party's history when one "faithless elector" voted for him. The first candidate to break the one percent mark was Ed Clark in 1980. This remained the best showing both as a percentage and in raw number of votes until 2012, when Gary Johnson became the first candidate to receive more than one million votes (but just shy of one percent). Running again in 2016, Gary Johnson then beat the previous record by both measures by a wide margin, receiving more than three percent and more than four million votes.

1972 Presidential Election

In 1972, the Libertarian Party was barely organized and was still in its infant stage. The Presidential nominee was John Hospers. The Vice-Presidential Nominee was Tonie Nathan. The ticket was only on the ballot in 2 states and received one electoral vote from a faithless elector Roger MacBride in Virginia.

1976 Presidential Election

By 1976, the party had started to organize and was able to mount a more solid campaign for president. The nominee was Roger MacBride, the same faithless elector who voted for John Hospers in the last election. The Vice-Presidential nominee was David Bergland. The pair managed to gain ballot access in 32 states and was able to gain more than 100,000 votes, a milestone for the relatively new political party.

1980 Presidential Election

The 1980 Presidential Election was another major milestone for the Libertarian Party. The Party nominated Ed Clark for President and David Koch for Vice President. The campaign was largely self-financed and was able to run several national television advertisements. The ticket gained ballot access in all 50 states. In Alaska, the ticket gained 11.66% of the vote.

1984 Presidential Election

At the 1984 National Convention, many Libertarians walked out, leading many to suspect the end of the party was near. As a result of the walkout, David Bergland was nominated for President and Jim Lewis was nominated for Vice President. The ticket had ballot access in 36 states.

1988 Presidential Election

In a nomination contest that featured candidates with very different backgrounds and styles, and was also seen by some as a choice between presenting a "right" or "left" image, former Congressman Ron Paul was selected over American Indian activist Russell Means as the Presidential Nominee for 1988. Andre Marrou, one of the few Libertarians who had been elected to a state legislature, was the Vice-Presidential nominee. The campaign raised over $2,000,000 and was on the ballot in 46 states.

1992 Presidential Election

For the 1992 Election, the previous vice-presidential candidate and former Alaska legislator Andre Marrou was nominated as the Presidential Candidate. Nancy Lord was nominated as the Vice Presidential Candidate. The ticket gained ballot access in all 50 states.

1996 Presidential Election

Harry Browne was the Presidential Nominee in 1996 and his running mate was Jo Jorgensen. Partly due to personal financial support by the candidate, the campaign was able to get on the ballot in all 50 states.

2000 Presidential Election

Harry Browne was re-nominated as the Presidential nominee in 2000 but chose Art Olivier as his running mate. The campaign had some controversy surrounding it after the National Director was found to have worked on the campaign in 1996 before Harry Browne's candidacy had been decided. The campaign nearly got on the ballot in all 50 states again but a split with the Arizona Libertarian Party caused Harry Browne to be replaced on the ticket with another Libertarian.

2004 Presidential Election

At the 2004 Convention, the Presidential Nomination Election was very close. The race was between Michael Badnarik, Gary Nolan, and Aaron Russo. All three candidates were within 2% of each other for the first two ballots. However, Michael Badnarik made a surprising comeback and won the nomination. In a separate nomination, Richard Campagna was chosen as the vice presidential nominee. During the election cycle, Badnarik raised over $1,000,000 and ran national television ads on CNN and Fox news. The ticket gained ballot access in 48 states but didn't gain access in New Hampshire or Oklahoma.

2008 Presidential Election

Bob Barr was nominated as the Presidential Nominee in 2008 with Wayne Allyn Root nominated as the Vice Presidential Candidate. The Barr campaign was expected to do very well but due to several factors such as Sarah Palin's nomination as McCain's VP, Ron Paul's dropping of his endorsement of Barr, and the campaign's lack of advertising. The campaign still raised nearly $1.4 million dollars but didn't get as many votes as many Libertarian Leaders felt it could have. The ticket was on the ballot in 44 states.

2012 Presidential Election

Gary Johnson, former governor of New Mexico, was nominated in 2012, with Jim Gray as his running mate. The ticket was on the ballot in all but two states, and became the first to receive more than one million votes, and the first to break the record for that measure set 32 years earlier by Ed Clark.

2016 Presidential Election

Gary Johnson was nominated again in 2016, this time with William Weld as his running mate. This was seen by some as the LP's most "credible" national ticket ever, with both candidates being former governors, but others saw the inclusion of Weld as a dilution of the party's brand. For the first time since 2000, the LP had a presidential ticket on the ballot in all 50 states. In an election that was very close between front-runners Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton, but with many voters unhappy about that choice, the LP's team achieved a record-breaking three percent of the national vote, receiving the votes of almost 4.5 million people. William Weld was a controversial candidate due to a past broken promise with the Libertarian Party of New York and certain policy positions, particularly on gun control. During the campaign, he stated that "he was here to vouch for Hillary Clinton" causing some Party members to view that as an endorsement of an opponent. In 2019, Weld broke his promise that he would never switch to another party and re-registered with the Republican Party.

Presidential preference primaries

1988

North Dakota held an open primary with candidates of all parties on one ballot.

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
ND	June 14th	Ron Paul	985	2.25%

1992

State	Year	Candidate	Votes	Percentage	Notes
NH	Feb. 18th	Andre Marrou	3,388	100%	Marrou received 100% of the Libertarian ballot votes(3,219), 99 Republican write-ins, and 70 Democrat write-ins.

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NE	May 12th	Andre Marrou	32	96.97%
NE	May 12th	Write-In	1	3.03%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	June 2nd	Andre Marrou	15,002	99.92%
CA	June 2nd	Write-ins	12	0.08%

1996

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage	Notes
NH	Feb. 20th	Harry Browne	653	40.48%	Browne also received 1 write-in vote in the Republican primary.
NH	Feb. 20th	Irwin Schiff	336	20.83%	Schiff also received 1 write-in vote in both the Republican and the Democrat primaries.
NH	Feb. 20th	Write-ins	624	38.69%	16 different candidates identified with other parties received write-in votes.

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
ND	Feb. 27th	Harry Browne	147	100%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
SD	Feb. 27th	Harry Browne	325	65.39%
SD	Feb. 27th	Irwin Schiff	172	34.61%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MA	Mar. 5th	Harry Browne	386	44.37%
MA	Mar. 5th	No Preference	237	27.24%
MA	Mar. 5th	Rick Tompkins	111	12.76%
MA	Mar. 5th	All Others	70	8.04%
MA	Mar. 5th	Irwin Schiff	66	7.59%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
IL	Mar. 19th	Harry Browne	1,278	73.96%
IL	Mar. 19th	Irwin Schiff	9,218	36.04%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	Mar. 26th	Harry Browne	7,258	50.04%
CA	Mar. 26th	Rick Tompkins	3,400	23.44%
CA	Mar. 26th	Irwin Schiff	2,215	15.27%
CA	Mar. 26th	Douglass J. Ohmen	1,517	10.46%
CA	Mar. 26th	Write-ins	115	0.79%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NE	May 14th	Harry Browne	129	84.31%
NE	May 14th	Write-Ins	24	15.69%

2000

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
AZ	Feb. 22nd	Harry Browne	553	77.56%
AZ	Feb. 22nd	Larry Hines	97	13.60%
AZ	Feb. 22nd	David Hollist	63	8.84%

California's primary was open to Independents as well as registered Libertarians.

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	Mar. 7th	Harry Browne	20,825	62.22%
CA	Mar. 7th	Kip Lee	4,009	11.98%
CA	Mar. 7th	L. Neil Smith	3,165	9.46%
CA	Mar. 7th	Larry Hines	2,984	8.92%
CA	Mar. 7th	Dave Hollist	2,487	7.43%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MO	Mar. 7th	Harry Browne	770	53.21%
MO	Mar. 7th	Uncommitted	365	25.22%
MO	Mar. 7th	Larry Hines	166	11.47%
MO	Mar. 7th	David Hollist	146	10.09%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NE	May 9th	Harry Browne	140	97.22%
NE	May 9th	Write-Ins	4	2.78%

2004

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MO	Feb. 3rd	Gary Nolan	899	45.70%
MO	Feb. 3rd	Uncommitted	746	37.93%
MO	Feb. 3rd	Ruben Perez	167	8.49%
MO	Feb. 3rd	Jeffrey Diket	155	7.88%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
WI	Feb. 17th	Gary Nolan	1,491	43.22%
WI	Feb. 17th	Michael Badnarik	1,416	41.04%
WI	Feb. 17th	Uninstructed delegates	404	11.71%
WI	Feb. 17th	Write-ins	139	4.03%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	Mar. 2nd	Gary Nolan	11,885	59.19%
CA	Mar. 2nd	Aaron Russo	4,858	24.20%
CA	Mar. 2nd	Michael Badnarik	3,335	16.61%

State	Year	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MA	Mar. 2nd	Gary Nolan	292	27.97%
MA	Mar. 2nd	No Preference	230	22.03%
MA	Mar. 2nd	Write-ins	214	20.50%
MA	Mar. 2nd	Aaron Russo	106	10.15%
MA	Mar. 2nd	Michael Badnarik	82	7.85%
MA	Mar. 2nd	Jeffrey Diket	68	6.51%
MA	Mar. 2nd	Ruben Perez	52	4.98%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NE	May 11th	Gary Nolan	116	71.60%
NE	May 11th	Michael Badnarik	46	28.40%

2008

State	Year	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	Feb. 5th	Christine Smith	4,241	25.16%
CA	Feb. 5th	Steve Kubby	2,876	17.06%
CA	Feb. 5th	Wayne Root	2,360	14.00%
CA	Feb. 5th	Bob Jackson	1,486	8.81%
CA	Feb. 5th	Barry Hess	891	5.29%
CA	Feb. 5th	George Phillies	852	5.05%
CA	Feb. 5th	Michael P. Jingozian	774	4.59%
CA	Feb. 5th	Robert Milnes	721	4.28%
CA	Feb. 5th	Daniel Imperato	707	4.19%
CA	Feb. 5th	John Finan	706	4.19%
CA	Feb. 5th	Dave Hollist	678	4.02%
CA	Feb. 5th	Alden Link	565	3.35%
CA	Feb. 5th	Leon Ray (write-in)	1	0.01%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MO	Feb. 5th	Uncommitted	967	47.01%
MO	Feb. 5th	Wayne A. Root	370	17.99%
MO	Feb. 5th	Steve Kubby	196	9.53%
MO	Feb. 5th	George Phillies	163	7.92%
MO	Feb. 5th	Dave Hollist	141	6.85%
MO	Feb. 5th	David Imperato	141	6.85%
MO	Feb. 5th	Michael P. Jingozian	79	3.84%

2012

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MO	Feb. 7th	James Ogle	483	52.84%
MO	Feb. 7th	Uncommitted	431	47.16%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NE	May 15th	Gary Johnson	97	55.43%
NE	May 15th	Lee Wrights	23	13.14%
NE	May 15th	Roger Gar	18	10.29%
NE	May 15th	Carl Person	14	8.00%
NE	May 15th	RJ Harris	13	7.43%
NE	May 15th	Bill Still	10	5.71%

State	Year	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	June 5th	Gary Johnson	6,780	49.98%
CA	June 5th	Barbara Joy Waymire	2,118	15.61%
CA	June 5th	Scott Keller	1,208	8.91%
CA	June 5th	R. J. Harris	670	4.94%
CA	June 5th	Bill Still	670	4.94%
CA	June 5th	Roger Gary	559	4.12%
CA	June 5th	James Ogle	558	4.11%
CA	June 5th	Carl Person	523	3.86%
CA	June 5th	Lee Wrights	479	3.53%

2016

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
MO	Mar. 15th	Uncommitted	1,183	40.61%
MO	Mar. 15th	Austin Petersen	854	29.32%
MO	Mar. 15th	Steve Kerbel	401	13.77%
MO	Mar. 15th	Marc Allan Feldman	242	8.31%
MO	Mar. 15th	Cecil Ince	134	4.60%
MO	Mar. 15th	Rhett Smith	99	3.4%

State	Year	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NC	Mar. 15th	Gary Johnson	2,414	41.48%
NC	Mar. 15th	No Preference	2,067	35.52%
NC	Mar. 15th	John Hale	329	5.65%
NC	Mar. 15th	Joy Waymire	268	4.61%
NC	Mar. 15th	Austin Petersen	189	3.25%
NC	Mar. 15th	Darryl Perry	118	2.03%
NC	Mar. 15th	Steve Kerbel	109	1.87%
NC	Mar. 15th	Derrick M. Reid	74	1.27%
NC	Mar. 15th	Cecil Ince	72	1.24%
NC	Mar. 15th	Jack Robinson, Jr.	70	1.20%
NC	Mar. 15th	Marc Feldman	66	1.13%
NC	Mar. 15th	Rhett Smith	43	0.74%

State	Date	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
NE	May 10th	Gary Johnson	379	52.71%
NE	May 10th	Austin Petersen	135	18.78%
NE	May 10th	John McAfee	123	17.11%
NE	May 10th	Marc Feldman	47	6.54%
NE	May 10th	Steve Kerbel	35	4.87%

State	Year	Candidate	Votes	Percentage
CA	June 7th	Gary Johnson	19,294	61.87%
CA	June 7th	John McAfee	3,139	10.07%
CA	June 7th	Austin Petersen	1,853	5.94%
CA	June 7th	Rhett Smith	1,531	4.91%
CA	June 7th	Joy Waymire	932	2.99%
CA	June 7th	John Hale	873	2.80%
CA	June 7th	Marc Feldman	867	2.78%
CA	June 7th	Jack Robinson, Jr.	739	2.37%
CA	June 7th	Steve Kerbel	556	1.78%
CA	June 7th	Darryl Perry	521	1.67%
CA	June 7th	Derrick M. Reid	462	1.48%
CA	June 7th	Cecil Ince	417	1.34%

Results by state and candidate

	1972 John Hospers / Theodora Nathan	1976 Roger MacBride / David Bergland	1980 Ed Clark / David Koch	1984 David Bergland / James Lewis	1988 Ron Paul / Andre Marrou	1992 Andre Marrou / Nancy Lord	1996 Harry Browne / Jo Jorgensen	2000 Harry Browne / Art Olivier	2004 Michael Badnarik / Richard Campagna	2008 Bob Barr / Wayne Allyn Root	2012 Gary Johnson / Jim Gray	2016 Gary Johnson / William Weld
Alabama		1,481 0.13%	13,318 0.99%	9,504 0.66%	8,460 0.61%	5,737 0.34%	5,290 0.34%	5,893 0.35%	3,529 0.19%	4,991 0.24%	12,328 0.59%	44,467 2.09%
Alaska	68 0.07%	6,785 5.49%	18,479 11.66%	6,378 3.07%	5,484 2.74%	1,378 0.53%	2,276 0.94%	2,636 0.92%	1,675 0.54%	1,589 0.49%	7,392 2.46%	18,725 5.88%
Arizona		7,647 1.03%	18,784 2.15%	10,585 1.03%	13,351 1.14%	6,759 0.46%	14,358 1.02%	*5,775 0.38%	11,856 0.59%	12,555 0.55%	32,100 1.39%	106,327 4.13%
Arkansas			8,970 1.07%	2,221 0.25%	3,297 0.40%	1,261 0.13%	3,076 0.35%	2,781 0.30%	2,352 0.22%	4,776 0.44%	16,276 1.52%	29,949 2.65%
California	980 0.01%	56,388 0.72%	148,390 1.73%	49,951 0.53%	70,105 0.71%	48,139 0.43%	73,600 0.73%	45,520 0.42%	50,165 0.40%	67,582 0.50%	143,221 1.10%	478,500 3.37%
Colorado	1,111 0.12%	5,338 0.49%	25,744 2.17%	11,257 0.87%	15,482 1.13%	8,669 0.55%	12,392 0.82%	12,799 0.73%	7,664 0.36%	10,898 0.45%	35,545 1.38%	144,121 5.18%
Connecticut	10 0.00%	209 0.02%	8,570 0.61%	204 0.01%	14,071 0.97%	5,391 0.33%	5,788 0.42%	3,484 0.24%	3,367 0.21%		12,580 0.81%	48,676 2.96%
Delaware		34 0.01%	1,974 0.84%	268 0.11%	1,162 0.47%	935 0.32%	2,052 0.76%	774 0.24%	586 0.16%	1,109 0.27%	3,882 0.94%	14,757 3.34%
D. C.		274 0.16%	1,104 0.63%	279 0.13%	554 0.29%	467 0.21%	588 0.32%	669 0.33%	502 0.22%		2,083 0.71%	4,906 1.58%
Florida	39 0.00%	103 0.00%	30,524 0.83%	754 0.02%	19,796 0.46%	15,079 0.28%	23,965 0.45%	16,415 0.28%	11,996 0.16%	17,218 0.21%	44,726 0.53%	207,043 2.20%
Georgia	23 0.00%	175 0.01%	15,627 0.98%	159 0.01%	8,435 0.47%	7,110 0.31%	17,870 0.78%	36,332 1.40%	18,387 0.56%	28,731 0.73%	45,324 1.16%	125,306 3.05%
Hawaii		3,923 1.35%	3,269 1.08%	2,167 0.65%	1,999 0.56%	1,119 0.30%	2,493 0.69%	1,477 0.40%	1,377 0.32%	1,314 0.29%	3,840 0.88%	15,954 3.72%
Idaho		3,558 1.04%	8,425 1.93%	2,823 0.69%	5,313 1.30%	1,167 0.24%	3,325 0.68%	3,488 0.70%	3,844 0.64%	3,658 0.56%	9,453 1.45%	28,331 4.10%
Illinois	46 0.00%	8,057 0.17%	38,939 0.82%	10,086 0.21%	14,944 0.33%	9,218 0.18%	22,548 0.52%	11,623 0.25%	32,442 0.62%	19,642 0.36%	56,229 1.07%	209,596 3.79%
Indiana			19,627 0.88%	6,741 0.30%		7,936 0.34%	15,632 0.73%	15,530 0.71%	18,058 0.73%	29,257 1.06%	50,111 1.91%	133,993 4.90%
Iowa		1,454 0.11%	13,123 1.00%	1,844 0.14%	2,494 0.20%	1,076 0.08%	2,315 0.19%	3,209 0.24%	2,992 0.20%	4,590 0.30%	12,926 0.82%	59,186 3.78%
Kansas		3,242 0.34%	14,470 1.48%	3,329 0.33%	12,553 1.26%	4,314 0.37%	4,557 0.42%	4,525 0.42%	4,013 0.34%	6,706 0.54%	20,456 1.76%	55,406 4.68%
Kentucky		814 0.07%	5,531 0.43%	3 0.00%	2,118 0.16%	4,513 0.30%	4,009 0.29%	2,896 0.19%	2,619 0.15%	5,989 0.33%	17,063 0.95%	53,752 2.79%
Louisiana		3,134 0.25%	8,240 0.53%	1,876 0.11%	4,115 0.25%	3,155 0.18%	7,499 0.42%	2,951 0.17%	2,781 0.14%		18,157 0.91%	37,978 1.87%
Maine	1 0.00%	12 0.00%	5,119 0.98%	3 0.00%	2,700 0.49%	1,681 0.25%	2,996 0.49%	3,074 0.47%	1,965 0.27%	251 0.03%	9,352 1.31%	38,105 5.09%
Maryland		255 0.02%	14,192 0.92%	5,721 0.34%	6,748 0.39%	4,715 0.24%	8,765 0.49%	5,310 0.26%	6,094 0.26%	9,842 0.37%	30,195 1.12%	79,605 2.86%
Massachusetts	43 0.00%	135 0.01%	22,038 0.87%		24,251 0.92%	9,021 0.32%	20,426 0.80%	16,366 0.61%	15,022 0.52%	13,189 0.43%	30,920 0.98%	138,018 4.15%
Michigan	54 0.00%	5,407 0.15%	41,597 1.06%	10,055 0.26%	18,336 0.50%	10,175 0.24%	27,670 0.72%	16,711 0.39%	10,552 0.22%	23,716 0.47%	7,774 0.16%	172,136 3.59%
Minnesota	35 0.00%	3,529 0.18%	31,593 1.54%	2,996 0.14%	5,109 0.24%	3,374 0.14%	8,271 0.38%	5,282 0.22%	4,639 0.16%	9,174 0.32%	35,098 1.20%	112,972 3.84%
Mississippi		2,606 0.34%	4,702 0.53%	2,336 0.25%	3,329 0.36%	2,154 0.22%	2,809 0.31%	2,009 0.20%	1,793 0.16%	2,529 0.20%	6,676 0.52%	14,435 1.19%
Missouri	25 0.00%	179 0.01%	14,422 0.69%		434 0.02%	7,497 0.31%	10,522 0.49%	7,436 0.32%	9,831 0.36%	11,386 0.39%	43,151 1.56%	97,359 3.47%
Montana		40 0.01%	9,825 2.70%	5,185 1.35%	5,047 1.38%	986 0.24%	2,526 0.62%	1,718 0.42%	1,733 0.38%	1,355 0.28%	14,165 2.93%	28,037 5.67%
Nebraska		1,476 0.24%	9,041 1.41%	2,079 0.32%	2,534 0.38%	1,344 0.18%	2,792 0.41%	2,245 0.32%	2,041 0.26%	2,740 0.34%	11,109 1.40%	38,946 4.61%
Nevada		1,519 0.75%	4,358 1.79%	2,292 0.80%	3,520 1.01%	1,835 0.36%	4,460 0.96%	3,311 0.54%	3,176 0.38%	4,263 0.44%	10,968 1.08%	37,384 3.32%
New Hampshire	142 0.04%	936 0.28%	2,064 0.54%	735 0.19%	4,502 1.00%	3,548 0.66%	4,237 0.85%	2,757 0.48%	372 0.05%	2,217 0.31%	8,212 1.16%	30,777 4.20%
New Jersey	89 0.00%	9,449 0.31%	20,652 069%	6,416 0.20%	8,421 0.27%	6,822 0.20%	14,763 0.48%	6,312 0.20%	4,514 0.12%	8,441 0.22%	21,045 0.58%	72,477 1.87%
New Mexico		1,110 0.27%	4,365 0.96%	4,459 0.87%	3,268 0.63%	1,615 0.28%	2,996 0.54%	2,058 0.34%	2,382 0.31%	2,428 0.29%	27,788 3.55%	74,541 9.34%
New York	6 0.00%	12,197 0.19%	52,648 0.85%	11,949 0.18%	12,109 0.19%	13,451 0.19%	12,220 0.19%	7,649 0.11%	11,607 0.16%	19,596 0.26%	47,256 0.67%	176,598 2.29%
North Carolina		2,219 0.13%	9,677 0.52%	3,794 0.17%	1,263 0.06%	5,171 0.20%	8,740 0.35%	12,307 0.42%	11,731 0.34%	25,722 0.60%	44,515 0.99%	130,126 2.74%
North Dakota		256 0.09%	3,743 1.24%	703 0.23%	1,315 0.44%	416 0.14%	847 0.32%	660 0.23%	851 0.27%	1,354 0.43%	5,231 1.62%	21,434 6.22%
Ohio		8,952 0.22%	49,033 1.14%	5,886 0.13%	11,989 0.27%	7,252 0.15%	12,851 0.28%	13,475 0.29%	14,676 0.26%	19,917 0.35%	49,493 0.89%	174,498 3.17%
Oklahoma			13,828 1.20%	9,066 0.72%	6,261 0.53%	4,486 0.32%	5,505 0.46%	6,602 0.53%				83,481 5.75%
Oregon	85 0.01%	464 0.05%	25,838 2.19%	376 0.03%	14,811 1.23%	4,277 0.29%	8,903 0.65%	7,447 0.49%	7,260 0.40%	7,635 0.42%	24,089 1.35%	94,231 4.71%
Pennsylvania	8 0.00%	73 0.00%	33,263 0.73%	6,982 0.14%	12,051 0.27%	21,477 0.43%	28,000 0.62%	11,248 0.23%	21,185 0.37%	19,912 0.33%	49,991 0.87%	146,715 2.40%
Rhode Island	2 0.00%	715 0.17%	2,458 0.59%	277 0.07%	825 0.20%	571 0.13%	1,109 0.28%	742 0.18%	907 0.21%	1,382 0.29%	4,388 0.98%	14,746 3.18%
South Carolina		53 0.01%	4,807 0.54%	4,359 0.45%	4,935 0.50%	2,719 0.23%	4,271 0.37%	4,876 0.35%	3,608 0.22%	7,283 0.38%	16,321 0.83%	49,204 2.34%
South Dakota		1,619 0.54%	3,824 1.17%		1,060 0.34%	814 0.24%	1,472 0.45%	1,662 0.53%	964 0.25%	1,835 0.48%	5,795 1.59%	20,850 5.63%
Tennessee	1 0.00%	1,375 0.09%	7,116 0.44%	3,072 0.18%	2,041 0.12%	1,847 0.09%	5,020 0.27%	4,284 0.21%	4,866 0.20%	8,547 0.33%	18,623 0.76%	70,397 2.81%
Texas	394 0.01%	575 0.01%	37,643 0.83%		30,355 0.56%	19,699 0.32%	20,256 0.36%	23,160 0.36%	38,787 0.52%	56,116 0.69%	88,580 1.11%	283,492 3.16%
Utah	19 0.00%	2,438 0.45%	7,156 1.18%	2,447 0.39%	7,473 1.16%	1,900 0.26%	4,129 0.62%	3,616 0.47%	3,375 0.36%	6,966 0.73%	12,572 1.24%	39,608 3.50%
Vermont		4 0.00%	1,900 0.89%	1,002 0.43%	1,000 0.41%	501 0.17%	1,183 0.46%	784 0.27%	1,102 0.35%	1,067 0.33%	3,487 1.17%	10,078 3.20%
Virginia		4,648 0.27%	12,821 0.69%		8,336 0.38%	5,730 0.22%	9,174 0.38%	15,198 0.55%	11,032 0.34%	11,067 0.30%	31,216 0.81%	118,274 2.97%
Washington	1,537 0.10%	5,042 0.32%	29,213 1.68%	8,844 0.47%	17,240 0.92%	7,533 0.33%	12,522 0.56%	13,135 0.53%	11,955 0.42%	12,728 0.42%	42,202 1.35%	160,879 4.85%
West Virginia		17 0.00%	4,356 0.59%	6 0.00%	28 0.00%	1,873 0.27%	3,062 0.48%	1,912 0.30%	1,405 0.19%		6,302 0.94%	23,004 3.23%
Wisconsin	101 0.01%	3,814 0.18%	29,135 1.28%	4,884 0.22%	5,157 0.24%	2,877 0.11%	7,929 0.36%	6,640 0.26%	6,464 0.22%	8,858 0.30%	20,439 0.67%	106,674 3.58%
Wyoming		89 0.06%	4,514 2.55%	2,357 1.25%	2,026 1.15%	844 0.42%	1,739 0.82%	1,443 0.66%	1,171 0.48%	1,594 0.63%	5,326 2.14%	13,287 5.19%
Total	4,819 0.01%	173,819 0.21%	920,049 1.06%	228,710 0.25%	432,207 0.47%	291,627 0.28%	485,798 0.50%	*390,206 0.37%	397,265 0.32%	523,715 0.40%	1,275,971 0.99%	4,489,341 3.29%
	No Ballot Access	Write In

• L Neil Smith was listed as the Libertarian candidate on the ballot in Arizona in place of Harry Browne in 2000. The total includes votes for L Neil Smith.

Guam (Results don't count because Guam has no electoral votes)

	1972 John Hospers / Theodora Nathan	1976 Roger MacBride / David Bergland	1980 Ed Clark / David Koch	1984 David Bergland / James Lewis	1988 Ron Paul / Andre Marrou	1992 Andre Marrou / Nancy Lord	1996 Harry Browne / Jo Jorgensen	2000 Harry Browne / Art Olivier	2004 Michael Badnarik / Richard Campagna	2008 Bob Barr / Wayne Allyn Root	2012 Gary Johnson / Jim Gray	2016 Gary Johnson / William Weld
Guam	No election	No election	203 0.81%	137 0.51%	129 0.53%	116 0.67%	498 1.54%	420 1.20%	67 0.20%	214 0.66%	351 1.12%	Not on ballot