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'''                     1992 National Platform
'''1992 National National [[Libertarian Party platform|Platform]] of the Libertarian Party'''
                                of the
                          Libertarian Party
   
   
                        Adopted in Convention
Adopted in Convention<br>
                            August 1991
August 1991<br>
                          Chicago, Illinois'''
Chicago, Illinois
   
   
=PREAMBLE=
                              PREAMBLE
   
   
As Libertarians, we  seek a world  of liberty; a world  in  which  all
As Libertarians, we  seek a world  of liberty; a world  in  which  all
Line 35: Line 30:
to this end that we take these stands.
to this end that we take these stands.
   
   
 
=STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES=
   
   
We, the members  of the Libertarian  Party, challenge the cult  of the
omnipotent state and defend the rights of the individual.
   
   
                          TABLE OF CONTENTS
We hold that  all individuals have the right to exercise sole dominion
over their own  lives, and have  the right to live  in whatever manner
they choose, so  long as they do not forcibly interfere with the equal
right of others to live in whatever manner they choose.
   
   
Statement of Principles
Governments throughout history have regularly operated on the opposite
principle, that the  State has the  right to dispose of the lives  of
individuals and the  fruits of their  labor.  Even within  the  United
States, all political  parties other than  our own grant to government
the right to regulate the lives of individuals and seize the fruits of
their labor without their consent.
   
   
I. Individual Rights and Civil Order
We, on the  contrary, deny the  right of any government  to  do  these
things, and hold  that where governments  exist, they must not violate
the rights of  any individual:  namely,  (1)  the  right  to  life  --
accordingly we support  the prohibition of  the initiation of physical
force against others; (2) the right to liberty of speech and action --
accordingly we oppose  all  attempts  by  government  to  abridge  the
freedom of speech  and press, as  well as government censorship in any
form; and (3)  the right to  property --  accordingly  we  oppose  all
government interference with  private property, such  as confiscation,
nationalization, and eminent  domain, and support  the prohibition  of
robbery, trespass, fraud, and misrepresentation.
   
   
  1. FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY
Since  governments,  when  instituted,  must  not  violate  individual
   
rights, we oppose  all interference by  government  in  the  areas  of
  2. CRIME
voluntary and contractual  relations among individuals. People should
not be forced to sacrifice their lives and property for the benefit of
others.  They should  be left free  by government  to  deal  with  one
another as free  traders; and the  resultant economic system, the only
one compatible with  the protection of individual rights, is the free
market.
   
   
  3. VICTIMLESS CRIMES
   
   
  4. SAFEGUARDS FOR THE CRIMINALLY ACCUSED
=I. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND CIVIL ORDER=
   
   
   5. JUSTICE FOR THE INDIVIDUAL
No conflict exists  between civil order  and individual rights.   Both
concepts  are  based  on  the  same  fundamental  principle:  that  no
individual, group, or  government may initiate force against any other
individual, group, or government.
   
   
  6. JURIES
===1. FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY===
   
   
   7. INDIVIDUAL SOVEREIGNTY
Members of the  Libertarian  Party  do  not  necessarily  advocate  or
condone any of  the practices our  policies  would  make  legal.  Our
exclusion of moral  approval and disapproval  is deliberate:  people's
rights must be recognized; the wisdom of any course of peaceful action
is  a  matter  for  the  acting  individual(s)  to  decide.   Personal
responsibility is discouraged  by society routinely denying the people
the opportunity to  exercise it.  Libertarian  policies will create  a
society where people  are free  to  make  and  learn  from  their  own
decisions.
   
   
  8. GOVERNMENT AND MENTAL HEALTH
===2. CRIME===
   
   
   9. FREEDOM OF COMMUNICATION
The continuing high  level of violent  crime -- and  the  government's
   
demonstrated inability  to  deal  with  it  --  threatens  the  lives,
  10. FREEDOM OF RELIGION
happiness,  and  belongings   of  Americans.   At  the  same  time,
   
governmental violations of  rights undermine  the  people's  sense of
  11. THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY
justice with regard  to crime. The  appropriate way to suppress crime
   
is through consistent and impartial enforcement  of laws that protect
  12. PROTECTION OF PRIVACY
individual rights. Laws  pertaining to "victimless  crimes" should be
   
repealed since such laws themselves violate individual rights and also
  13. GOVERNMENT SECRECY
breed other types  of crime.  We  applaud the  trend  toward  private
protection services and  voluntary community crime control groups. We
support institutional changes,  consistent with full  respect for  the
rights of the  accused,  that  would  permit victims  to  direct  the
prosecution in criminal cases.
   
   
  14. INTERNAL SECURITY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES
===3. VICTIMLESS CRIMES===
   
   
  15. THE RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS
Because only actions  that  infringe  on  the  rights  of  others  can
   
properly be termed crimes, we favor the repeal of all federal, state,
  16. CONSCRIPTION AND THE MILITARY
and local laws  creating "crimes" without  victims. In particular, we
   
advocate:
   17. IMMIGRATION
a.  the  repeal  of  all  laws  prohibiting  the  production, sale,
   
possession, or  use  of  drugs,  and  of  all  medicinal  prescription
  18. DISCRIMINATION
requirements  for  the   purchase  of  vitamins,  drugs,  and  similar
   
substances;
  19. WOMEN'S RIGHTS AND ABORTION
b. the repeal  of all laws restricting or prohibiting the use or sale
   
of alcohol, including  the imposition of  a minimum drinking age,  and
  20. FAMILY LIFE
making bartenders or hosts responsible for  the behavior of customers
   
and guests;
   21. CHILDREN'S RIGHTS
c. the repeal  of all laws  or policies authorizing stopping  drivers
   
without probable cause to test for alcohol or drug use;
  22. AMERICAN INDIAN RIGHTS
d. the repeal  of all laws  regarding  consensual  sexual  relations,
   
including prostitution and  solicitation, and the  cessation of  state
   23. THE WAR ON DRUGS
oppression and harassment of homosexual men  and women, that they, at
   
last, be accorded their full rights as individuals;
II. Trade and the Economy
e. the repeal  of all laws  regulating or prohibiting the possession,
use, sale, production, or distribution of sexually explicit material,
independent  of  "socially  redeeming  value"  or   compliance  with
"community standards";
f. the repeal of all laws regulating or prohibiting gambling;
g.  the repeal  of anti-racketeering statutes such as  the  Racketeer
Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), which punish peaceful
behavior -- including insider trading in securities, sale of sexually
explicit  material,  and   nonviolent  anti-abortion  protests  --  by
freezing assets of  the accused and  seizing assets of the accused or
convicted; and
h. the repeal  of all laws  interfering  with  the  right  to  commit
suicide as infringements of the ultimate right of an individual to his
or her own life.
   
   
  1. THE ECONOMY
We demand the  use of executive pardon to free and exonerate all those
presently incarcerated or  ever convicted solely for the commission of
these "crimes."  We  condemn the wholesale  confiscation  of  property
prior to conviction by the state that all too often accompanies police
raids, searches, and prosecutions for victimless crimes.
   
   
  2. TAXATION
Further, we recognize  that, often, the  Federal Government blackmails
states which refuse to comply with these laws by withholding funds and
we applaud those states which refuse to be so coerced.
   
   
  3. INFLATION AND DEPRESSION
===4. SAFEGUARDS FOR THE CRIMINALLY ACCUSED===
   
   
   4. FINANCE AND CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Until such time as persons are proved guilty of crimes, they should be
accorded full respect  for  their  individual  rights.   We  are  thus
opposed to reduction of constitutional safeguards of the rights of the
criminally accused.
   
   
  5. GOVERNMENT DEBT
We oppose labeling  cases as "civil" strictly to avoid the due process
protections of criminal  law and we  further oppose governmental civil
and criminal pretrial seizure of property for criminal offenses.
   
   
   6. MONOPOLIES
We oppose police  officers using excessive  force on the disorderly or
the criminally accused,  handing out what  they  may  consider  to  be
instant punishments on the streets, preventive detention, and no-knock
laws. Instant-punishment policies  deprive the  accused  of  important
checks on government  power -- juries  and the judicial  process.   We
oppose any concept  that some individuals  are by nature  second-class
citizens who only understand instant punishment and any claim that the
police possess special  insight into recognizing  persons in  need  of
punishment.
   
   
  7. SUBSIDIES
We support full restitution for all loss suffered by persons arrested,
indicted, tried, imprisoned,  or otherwise injured  in the  course  of
criminal  proceedings  against  them  that  do  not  result  in  their
conviction.  When they are responsible, government police employees or
agents should be liable for this restitution.
   
   
  8. TARIFFS AND QUOTAS
We call  for  a  reform  of  the  judicial  system  allowing  criminal
defendants and civil  parties to a court action a reasonable number of
peremptory challenges to proposed judges, similar to their right under
the present system to challenge a proposed juror.
   
   
  9. PUBLIC UTILITIES
===5. JUSTICE FOR THE INDIVIDUAL===
   
   
  10. UNIONS AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
The  present  system  of  criminal  law  is  based  almost  solely  on
punishment with little concern for the victim.  We support restitution
for the victim  to the fullest  degree possible at the  expense of the
criminal or wrongdoer.
   
   
III. Domestic Ills
We oppose the  prosecution of individuals  for exercising their rights
of self-defense.
   
   
  1. ENERGY
We oppose all  "no-fault" insurance laws,  which deprive the victim of
the right to  recover damages from  those responsible in the  case  of
injury.  We also  support the  right  of  the  victim  to  pardon  the
criminal or wrongdoer, barring threats to the victim for this purpose.
We applaud the growth of private adjudication of disputes by mutually
acceptable judges.
   
   
  2. POLLUTION
We support a  change in rape  laws so that cohabitation will no longer
be a defense against a charge of rape.
   
   
  3. CONSUMER PROTECTION
===6. JURIES===
   
   
  4. EDUCATION
We  oppose  the  current  practice  of  forced  jury  duty  and  favor
all-volunteer juries. In  addition,  we  urge  the  assertion  of  the
common-law right of  juries to judge  not only the facts  but also the
justice of the  law. In all  cases to which the government is a party,
the judge should  be required to inform the jurors of their common law
right to judge the law, as well as the facts, and to acquit a criminal
defendant, and to  find against  the  government  in  a  civil  trial,
whenever they deem the law unjust or oppressive.
   
   
  5. POPULATION
===7. INDIVIDUAL SOVEREIGNTY===
   
   
  6. TRANSPORTATION
The only legitimate use of force is in defense of individual rights --
life, liberty, and  justly acquired property  --  against  aggression,
whether by force  or fraud.  This right inheres in the individual, who
-- with his  or her consent -- may be aided by any other individual or
group.
   
   
  7. POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT
The right of  defense extends to  defense against aggressive  acts  of
   
government. We favor  an immediate end  to the doctrine of "Sovereign
  8. HEALTH CARE
Immunity" which  ignores  the  primacy  of  the  individual  over  the
abstraction of the  State, and holds  that the State, contrary  to the
tradition of redress  of grievances,  may  not  be  sued  without its
permission or held accountable for its actions under civil law.
   
   
  9. RESOURCE USE
===8. GOVERNMENT AND MENTAL HEALTH===
   
   
  10. AGRICULTURE
We oppose the  involuntary commitment of  any person to or involuntary
treatment in a mental institution.
   
   
  11. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEATH ACT (OSHA)
We advocate an  immediate end to  the spending of tax  money  for  any
program of  psychiatric,  psychological,  or  behavioral  research  or
treatment.
   
   
  12. SOCIAL SECURITY
We favor an  end to the  acceptance  of  criminal  defenses  based  on
"insanity" or "diminished  capacity" which absolve the guilty of their
responsibility when criminal intent is shown.
   
   
  13. POSTAL SERVICE
===9. FREEDOM OF COMMUNICATION===
   
   
  14. CIVIL SERVICE
We defend the  rights of individuals to unrestricted freedom of speech
and freedom of  the press and  guarantee the right of  individuals  to
dissent from government  itself.  We recognize  that full  freedom  of
expression is possible  only as part  of a  system  of  full  property
rights.  The freedom  to use one's  own voice; the freedom  to hire  a
hall; the freedom  to own a printing press, a broadcasting station, or
a transmission cable;  the freedom to wave or burn one's own flag; and
similar property-based freedoms  are precisely what constitute freedom
of communication.  At  the same time,  we recognize  that  freedom  of
communication does not extend to the use of other people's property to
promote one's ideas without the voluntary consent of the owners.
   
   
  15. ELECTION LAWS
We oppose any  abridgment of the  freedom of speech through government
censorship, regulation or  control of communications media, including,
but not limited to, laws concerning:
   
   
IV. Foreign Affairs
-- Obscenity, including  "pornography", as  we  hold  this  to  be  an
   
abridgment of liberty of expression despite claims that it instigates
A. Diplomatic Policy
rape or assault, or demeans and slanders women;
   
   
  1. NEGOTIATIONS
-- Reception  and  storage  equipment,  such  as  digital  audio  tape
recorders and radar  warning devices, and  the  manufacture  of  video
terminals by telephone companies;
   
   
  2. INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL AND FOREIGN INVESTMENTS
-- Electronic bulletin  boards,  communications  networks,  and  other
interactive electronic media  as we hold  them to  be  the  functional
equivalent of speaking  halls and  printing  presses  in  the  age  of
electronic communications, and as such deserving of full freedom;
   
   
  3. HUMAN RIGHTS
-- Electronic newspapers,  electronic "Yellow Pages",  and  other  new
information media, as these deserve full freedom.
   
   
  4. WORLD GOVERNMENT
-- Commercial speech or advertising.
   
   
  5. SECESSION
We oppose speech  codes at all  schools that are primarily tax funded.
Language that is deemed offensive to certain groups is not a cause for
legal action.
   
   
  B. Military
We favor the abolition of the Federal Communications Commission as we
would provide  for  free  market  ownership  of  airwave  frequencies,
deserving of full First Amendment protection.
   
   
  1. MILITARY POLICY
We oppose government  ownership or subsidy  of, or  funding  for,  any
communications organization.
   
   
  2. PRESIDENTIAL WAR POWERS
We strongly oppose  the government's burgeoning  practice of  invading
newsrooms, or the  premises of other  innocent third parties,  in  the
name of law  enforcement. We further  oppose court orders gagging news
coverage of criminal proceedings -- the right to publish and broadcast
must not be  abridged merely  for  the  convenience  of  the  judicial
system.  We deplore  any efforts to  impose  thought  control  on  the
media, either  by  the  use  of  anti-trust  laws,  or  by  any  other
government action in the name of stopping "bias."
   
   
  C. Economic Policy
Removal of all of these  regulations  and  practices  throughout  the
communications media would  open the way  to diversity and innovation.
We shall not  be satisfied until  the First Amendment is  expanded  to
protect full, unconditional freedom of communication.
   
   
  1. FOREIGN AID
===10. FREEDOM OF RELIGION===
   
   
   2. INTERNATIONAL MONEY
We defend the rights of individuals to engage in (or abstain from) any
religious activities that  do not violate  the rights of  others.   In
order to defend freedom, we advocate a strict separation of church and
State.  We oppose  government actions that  either aid or  attack  any
religion.  We oppose  taxation of church  property for the same reason
that we oppose all taxation.
   
   
   3. UNOWNED RESOURCES
We condemn the  attempts by parents  or any others -- via kidnappings,
conservatorships,  or  instruction   under  confinement  --  to  force
children to conform  to their parents' or any others' religious views.
Government  harassment  or  obstruction  of  unconventional  religious
groups for their beliefs or non-violent activities must end.
   
   
D. International Relations
===11. THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY===
   
   
  1. COLONIALISM
There is  no  conflict  between  property  rights  and  human  rights.
Indeed, property rights  are the rights  of  humans  with  respect  to
property, and as such, are entitled to the same respect and protection
as all other human rights.
   
   
  2. FOREIGN INTERVENTION
Moreover, all human  rights are property  rights too. Such rights  as
   
the freedom from involuntary servitude as  well  as  the  freedom  of
   3. SPACE EXPLORATION
speech and the  freedom of press  are based  on  self-ownership.   Our
   
bodies are our  property every bit as much as is justly acquired land
V. Omissions
or material objects.
   
   
We further hold  that the owners  of property have the  full right  to
control, use, dispose  of, or in  any  manner  enjoy,  their  property
without interference, until  and unless the  exercise of their control
infringes the valid rights of others.  We oppose all violations of the
right to private  property, liberty of  contract, and freedom of trade
done in the  name of  national  security.  We  also  condemn  current
government efforts to  regulate or ban the use of property in the name
of  aesthetic  values,  riskiness,  moral  standards,  cost-benefit
estimates, or the promotion or restriction of economic growth.
   
   
We demand an  end to the  taxation of privately owned  real  property,
which actually makes  the State the  owner of  all  lands  and  forces
individuals to rent their homes and places of business from the State.
We condemn attempts  to employ eminent  domain to municipalize sports
teams or to try to force them to stay in their present location.
   
   
                      STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES
Where property, including  land, has  been  taken  from  its  rightful
owners by the  government or private action in violation of individual
rights, we favor restitution to the rightful owners.  Specifically, we
call for the return of lands taken from Americans of Japanese ancestry
during World War II.
   
   
We, the members  of the Libertarian  Party, challenge the cult  of the
===12. PROTECTION OF PRIVACY===
omnipotent state and defend the rights of the individual.
   
   
We hold that  all individuals have the right to exercise sole dominion
The individual's right to privacy, property, and right to speak or not
over their own  lives, and have  the right to live  in whatever manner
to speak should not be infringed  by the government.  The  government
they choose, so long as they do not forcibly interfere with the equal
should not use  electronic or other means of covert surveillance of an
right of others to live in whatever manner they choose.
individual's actions or  private property without  the consent of the
   
owner  or  occupant.    Correspondence,  bank  and  other  financial
Governments throughout history have regularly operated on the opposite
transactions  and  records,  doctors' and lawyers' communications,
principle, that the State has the right to dispose of the lives of
employment records, and the like should  not be open to review by
individuals and the  fruits of their labor. Even within the  United
government without the  consent  of  all  parties  involved  in  those
States, all political parties other than our own grant to government
actions.
the right to regulate the lives of individuals and seize the fruits of
their labor without their consent.
   
   
We, on the contrary, deny the right of any government  to  do  these
We support the protections provided by the Fourth Amendment and oppose
things, and hold  that where governments  exist, they must not violate
any government use of search warrants to examine or seize materials
the rights of any individual:  namely,  (1)  the  right to  life  --
belonging to innocent third parties. We also oppose police roadblocks
accordingly we support the prohibition of  the initiation of physical
aimed at randomly, and without probable  cause, testing drivers  for
force against others; (2) the right to liberty of speech and action --
intoxication and police practices to stop mass transit vehicles and
accordingly we oppose all  attempts  by  government  to  abridge  the
search passengers without probable cause.
freedom of speech and press, as well as government censorship in any
form; and (3) the right to  property --  accordingly  we  oppose  all
government interference with  private property, such as confiscation,
nationalization, and eminent  domain, and support  the prohibition  of
robbery, trespass, fraud, and misrepresentation.
   
   
Since governments, when instituted,  must not  violate individual
So long as the National Census and all federal,  state, and other
rights, we oppose  all interference by  government in  the  areas  of
government agencies' compilations of data on an individual continue to
voluntary and contractual  relations among individuals.  People should
exist, they should  be conducted only with the consent of the persons
not be forced to sacrifice their lives and property for the benefit of
from whom the data is sought.
others.  They should  be left free  by government  to  deal with one
another as free  traders; and the resultant economic system, the only
one compatible with  the protection of  individual rights, is the free
market.
   
   
We oppose all  proposed regulations of civilian research on encryption
methods. We also  oppose government classification of such research or
requirements that deciphering methods be disclosed to the government.
   
   
If a private  employer screens prospective  or current  employees  via
questionnaires, polygraph tests,  urine tests for  drugs, blood  tests
for AIDS, or other means, this is a condition of that employer's labor
contracts. Such screening  does not violate  the rights of  employees,
who have the  right to boycott  such employers if they choose. Private
contractual arrangements, including  labor contracts, must  be founded
on mutual consent  and agreement in  a society that upholds freedom of
association. On the other hand, we oppose any use of such screening by
government or regulations  requiring government contractors  to impose
any such screening.
   
   
                I. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND CIVIL ORDER
We oppose government  regulations that require  employers  to  provide
health  insurance  coverage  for  employees,  which  often  encourage
unnecessary  intrusions  by  employers  into  the  privacy  of  their
employees.
   
   
No conflict exists between civil order and individual rights.  Both
We oppose the  issuance by the government of an identity card, to be
concepts are based on the same  fundamental  principle: that  no
required for any purpose, such as employment, voting, or  border
individual, group, or  government may initiate force against any other
crossing.
individual, group, or government.
   
   
We further oppose  the nearly universal  requirement for  use  of  the
Social Security Number  as a personal  identification code, whether by
government  agencies  or  by  intimidation  of  private  companies  by
governments.
   
   
1. FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY
===13. GOVERNMENT SECRECY===
   
   
Members of the  Libertarian Party do  not  necessarily  advocate  or
We condemn the government's use of secret classifications to keep from
condone any of  the practices our policies would  make  legal.   Our
the public information that it should have. We favor substituting a
exclusion of moral approval and disapproval is deliberate: people's
system in which   no individual may be  convicted for  violating
rights must be recognized; the wisdom of any course of peaceful action
government secrecy classifications unless the  government discharges
is  a matter for  the  acting  individual(s)  to  decide.  Personal
its burden of proving that the publication:
responsibility is discouraged by society routinely denying the people
the opportunity to  exercise it.  Libertarian policies will create a
society where people  are free  to  make  and  learn  from  their  own
decisions.
   
   
2. CRIME
a. violated the  right of privacy of those who have been coerced into
revealing  confidential  or  proprietary  information  to  government
agents, or
   
   
The continuing high level of violent  crime -- and  the  government's
b. disclosed defensive military plans so as to materially impair the
demonstrated inability to deal  with  it  --  threatens  the  lives,
capabilities to respond to attack.
happiness,  and  belongings  of  Americans.  At  the   same  time,
governmental violations of  rights undermine  the  people's  sense  of
justice with regard  to crime.  The  appropriate way to suppress crime
is through consistent  and impartial enforcement  of laws that protect
individual rights.  Laws  pertaining to "victimless  crimes" should be
repealed since such laws themselves violate individual rights and also
breed other types  of crime.  We  applaud  the  trend  toward  private
protection services and  voluntary community crime control groups.  We
support institutional changes,  consistent with full  respect for  the
rights of the  accused,  that  would  permit  victims  to direct  the
prosecution in criminal cases.
   
   
3. VICTIMLESS CRIMES
It should always  be a defense  to such prosecution  that  information
divulged shows that the government has violated the law.
   
   
Because only actions  that  infringe  on  the  rights  of  others  can
===14. INTERNAL SECURITY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES===
properly be termed  crimes, we favor the repeal of all federal, state,
and local laws  creating "crimes" without  victims. In particular, we
advocate:
   
   
a.   the repeal  of  all laws prohibiting the  production,  sale,
We  call  for   abolition of  secret  police, such as the  Central
possession, or use of drugs,  and of all  medicinal  prescription
Intelligence Agency.  We  support Congressional investigation of
requirements  for the   purchase of  vitamins,  drugs, and similar
criminal activities of the CIA and FBI and of  wrongdoing by other
substances;
governmental agencies.
   
   
b. the repeal of all laws restricting or prohibiting the use or sale
We  support the   abolition of the  subpoena  power  as  used  by
of alcohol, including the imposition of  a minimum drinking age, and
Congressional committees against  individuals or firms.  We oppose any
making bartenders or  hosts responsible for  the behavior of customers
efforts to  revive  the House  Internal  Security  Committee  or its
and guests;
predecessor the House  Un-American Activities Committee,  and call for
the destruction of  its files on private individuals and groups.  We
also call for  the abolition of the Senate Subcommittee  on  Internal
Security.
   
   
c. the repeal  of all laws  or policies authorizing stopping  drivers
===15. THE RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS===
without probable cause to test for alcohol or drug use;
   
   
d. the repeal  of all laws  regarding consensual sexual relations,
The Bill of  Rights recognizes that an armed citizenry is essential to
including prostitution and solicitation, and the  cessation of  state
a free society.   We affirm the right to keep and bear arms and oppose
oppression and harassment  of homosexual men and women, that they, at
all laws at any level of government  restricting,  regulating, or
last, be accorded their full rights as individuals;
requiring the ownership, manufacture, transfer, or sale of firearms or
ammunition. We oppose  all laws requiring registration of firearms or
ammunition.  We also oppose any government efforts to ban or restrict
the use of  tear gas, "mace,"  or other self-protection  devices.  We
further oppose all  attempts to  ban  weapons  or  ammunition  on  the
grounds that they are risky or unsafe.
   
   
e.  the repeal  of all laws  regulating or prohibiting the possession,
We support repeal of the National Firearms Act of 1934 and the Federal
use, sale, production, or distribution of sexually explicit material,
Gun Control Act of 1968, and we demand the immediate abolition of the
independent  of "socially  redeeming  value"  or  compliance  with
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms.
"community standards";
   
   
f. the repeal of all laws regulating or prohibiting gambling;
We favor the repeal of laws  banning the concealment of  weapons or
prohibiting pocket weapons. We also oppose the banning of inexpensive
g. the repeal of anti-racketeering statutes such as the  Racketeer
handguns ("Saturday night specials").
Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), which punish peaceful
behavior -- including  insider trading in securities, sale of sexually
explicit  material,  and  nonviolent  anti-abortion  protests  --  by
freezing assets of the accused and  seizing assets of the  accused or
convicted; and
   
   
h.  the repeal  of all laws  interfering  with  the  right  to  commit
===16. CONSCRIPTION AND THE MILITARY===
suicide as infringements of the ultimate right of an individual to his
or her own life.
   
   
We demand the  use of executive pardon to free and exonerate all those
Recognizing  that  registration  is  the  first  step  toward  full
presently incarcerated or  ever convicted solely for the commission of
conscription, we oppose all attempts at compulsory registration of any
these "crimes." We condemn the wholesale confiscation of property
person and all schemes for automatic  registration through government
prior to conviction by the state that all too often accompanies police
invasions of the  privacy of school,  motor vehicle, or other records.
raids, searches, and prosecutions for victimless crimes.
We call for  the abolition of  the still-functioning elements  of the
Selective Service System,  believing that impressment  of individuals
into the armed  forces is involuntary  servitude.   We  call for the
destruction of  all  files  in  computer-readable or hard-copy form
compiled by the Selective Service System.  We also oppose any form of
national service, such as a compulsory youth labor program.
   
   
Further, we recognize that, often, the  Federal Government blackmails
We oppose adding women to the  pool of those eligible for and subject
states which refuse to comply with these laws by withholding funds and
to the draft,  not because we think that as a rule women are unfit for
we applaud those states which refuse to be so coerced.
combat, but because  we believe that  this step enlarges the number of
people subjected to government tyranny.
   
   
4. SAFEGUARDS FOR THE CRIMINALLY ACCUSED
We support the immediate and unconditional exoneration of all who have
been accused  or  convicted  of  draft  evasion,  desertion  from  the
military, and other  acts of  resistance  to  such  transgressions  as
imperialistic wars and  aggressive acts of  the military.  Members  of
the military should  have the same  right to quit their  jobs as other
persons.
   
   
Until such time as persons are proved guilty of crimes, they should be
We call for  the end of the Defense Department practice of discharging
accorded full respect for their  individual  rights.  We  are thus
armed forces personnel for homosexual conduct.  We further call  for
opposed to reduction of constitutional safeguards of the rights of the
retraction of all less-than-honorable discharges previously assigned
criminally accused.
for such reasons  and  deletion  of such  information  from  military
personnel files.
   
   
We oppose labeling cases as "civil" strictly to avoid the due process
We recommend the repeal of the Uniform Code of Military  Justice and
protections of criminal law and we further oppose governmental civil
the recognition and  equal protection of  the rights of  armed forces
and criminal pretrial seizure of property for criminal offenses.
members.  This will  thereby promote morale,  dignity, and a sense  of
justice within the military.
   
   
We oppose police  officers using excessive  force on the disorderly or
===17. IMMIGRATION===
the criminally accused,  handing out what  they  may  consider  to  be
instant punishments on the streets, preventive detention, and no-knock
laws. Instant-punishment policies  deprive the  accused  of  important
checks on government  power -- juries  and the judicial  process.  We
oppose any concept  that some individuals  are by nature  second-class
citizens who only understand instant punishment and any claim that the
police possess special  insight into recognizing  persons in  need  of
punishment.
   
   
We support full restitution for all loss suffered by persons arrested,
We hold that  human rights should not be denied or  abridged  on  the
indicted, tried, imprisoned, or otherwise injured in the  course of
basis of  nationality.  We  condemn  massive  roundups of Hispanic
criminal proceedings against them that  do not result in their
Americans and others  by  the  federal government  in  its  hunt  for
conviction.  When they are responsible, government police employees or
individuals not possessing required government documents. We strongly
agents should be liable for this restitution.
oppose all measures that  punish employers who hire undocumented
workers.  Such measures  repress free enterprise, harass workers, and
systematically discourage employers from hiring Hispanics.
   
   
We call  for a reform of  the  judicial  system  allowing criminal
We welcome all refugees to our country and condemn the efforts of U.S.
defendants and civil  parties to a court action a reasonable number of
officials to create a new "Berlin Wall" which would keep them captive.
peremptory challenges to proposed judges, similar to their right under
We condemn the U.S. government's policy of barring those refugees
the present system to challenge a proposed juror.
from our country and preventing Americans from assisting their passage
to help them escape tyranny or improve their economic prospects.
   
   
5. JUSTICE FOR THE INDIVIDUAL
Undocumented non-citizens should not be denied the fundamental freedom
to labor and  to move about unmolested.  Furthermore, immigration must
not be restricted for reasons of race, religion, political creed, age,
or sexual preference.
   
   
The present system of  criminal law is based almost solely on
We therefore call  for  the  elimination of  all  restrictions  on
punishment with little concern for the victim.  We support restitution
immigration, the abolition of the Immigration and Naturalization
for the victim to the fullest  degree possible at the expense of the
Service and the  Border Patrol, and  a declaration of full amnesty for
criminal or wrongdoer.
all  people  who  have  entered  the country  illegally.   We oppose
government welfare and resettlement payments to  non-citizens just as
we oppose government welfare payments to all other persons.
   
   
We oppose the  prosecution of individuals  for exercising their rights
===18. DISCRIMINATION===
of self-defense.
   
   
We oppose all "no-fault" insurance laws,  which deprive the victim of
Individual rights should  not be denied,  abridged, or enhanced at the
the right to recover damages from those responsible in the case of
expense of other people's rights, on the basis of sex, wealth, race,
injury. We also support the  right of the victim to pardon the
color,  creed,  age,  national origin, personal habits, political
criminal or wrongdoer, barring threats to the victim for this purpose.
preference, or  sexual  orientation by the  laws at any level of
  We applaud the growth of private adjudication of disputes by mutually
government. Protective labor laws, Selective Service laws, and other
acceptable judges.
laws that violate  rights  selectively  should  be  repealed entirely
rather than being extended to all groups.
   
   
We support a change in rape laws so that cohabitation will no longer
Discrimination imposed by  the government has  brought  disruption in
be a defense against a charge of rape.
normal relationships of people, set neighbor against neighbor, created
gross injustices, and diminished human potential.  Anti-discrimination
enforced by the  government is the reverse side of the coin, and will
for the same  reasons create  the  same  problems.  Consequently,  we
oppose any government  attempts to  regulate  private  discrimination,
including discrimination in  employment, housing, and  privately owned
so-called public accommodations.  The right  to  trade  includes  the
right not to trade -- for any reasons whatsoever.
   
   
6. JURIES
===19. WOMEN'S RIGHTS AND ABORTION===
   
   
We oppose  the  current  practice  of forced  jury  duty  and  favor
We hold that individual rights should not be denied or abridged on the
all-volunteer juries. In  addition,  we urge the assertion of  the
basis of sex.  We call for repeal of all laws discriminating against
common-law right of  juries to judge  not only the facts but also the
women, such as protective labor laws and marriage or divorce laws
justice of the law. In all  cases to which the government is a party,
which deny the  full rights of  men and women.   We  oppose  all  laws
the judge should be required to inform the jurors of their common law
likely to impose  restrictions on free choice and private property or
right to judge the law, as well as the facts, and to acquit a criminal
to widen tyranny through reverse discrimination.
defendant, and to find against  the  government  in  a  civil  trial,
whenever they deem the law unjust or oppressive.
   
   
7. INDIVIDUAL SOVEREIGNTY
Recognizing that each  person must be  the sole and absolute  owner of
his or her  own body, we support the right of women to make a personal
choice  regarding  the  termination  of  pregnancy.  We  oppose  the
undermining of the  right via laws  requiring consent of the  pregnant
woman's parents, consent  of the prospective  father, waiting periods,
or compulsory provision  of indoctrination on  medical risks or  fetal
development.  However, we  also oppose all  tax funding for abortions.
It is particularly  harsh to force  someone who believes that abortion
is  murder  to  pay  for  another's  abortion.  We  also  condemn
state-mandated abortions.
   
   
The only legitimate use of force is in defense of individual rights --
===20. FAMILY LIFE===
life, liberty, and  justly acquired property  --  against  aggression,
whether by force  or fraud.  This right inheres in the individual, who
-- with his  or her consent -- may be aided by any other individual or
group.
   
   
The right of  defense extends to  defense against aggressive acts of
We support protection  of the integrity of families and households as
government. We favor an immediate end to the doctrine of "Sovereign
contractual  institutions  against   government    intrusion    and
Immunity" which ignores the  primacy of the individual over the
interference. Such governmental interference has undermined the value
abstraction of the State, and holds that the State, contrary to the
of families and households as cultural institutions of love, nurture,
tradition of redress of grievances, may not be  sued  without its
companionship, kinship, and personal development by forcing them to
permission or held accountable for its actions under civil law.
conform to a rigid, inflexible  design.  Moreover,  we  condemn the
usurpation by government through morals laws, government welfare
programs, and government  schools, of activities  long carried  on by
families and households.  We further accuse government of  designing
educational programs that  place civic and  moral education under  the
control of politicians and of designing welfare laws that destroy
families and households.
   
   
8. GOVERNMENT AND MENTAL HEALTH
===21. CHILDREN'S RIGHTS===
   
   
We oppose the involuntary commitment of any person to or involuntary
Children are human  beings and, as  such, have all the rights of human
treatment in a mental institution.
beings.
   
   
We advocate an immediate end to the spending of tax money for any
We  recognize  that  children  who  have not reached maturity need
program of  psychiatric, psychological, or  behavioral  research  or
guardians to secure  their rights and  to aid in the exercise of those
treatment.
rights. We hold that guardianship belongs to those who most love and
value the child and his or  her development, normally the parents and
never the state.
   
   
We favor an end to the  acceptance of  criminal defenses based on
We oppose all laws that empower government officials to seize children
"insanity" or "diminished capacity" which absolve the guilty of their
and make them "wards of the  state" or, by means of child labor laws
responsibility when criminal intent is shown.
and compulsory education,  to infringe on  their freedom  to work or
learn as they choose. We oppose  all legally created  or  sanctioned
discrimination against (or  in favor of)  children, just as we  oppose
government discrimination directed  at any other  artificially defined
sub-category of human  beings.  Specifically we oppose ordinances that
outlaw adults-only apartment housing.
   
   
9. FREEDOM OF COMMUNICATION
We also support  the repeal of  all laws establishing any  category of
crimes applicable to  children for which adults would not be similarly
vulnerable, such as  curfew, smoking, and alcoholic beverage laws, and
other status offenses.  Similarly, we favor  the repeal of  "stubborn
child" laws and  laws establishing the category of "persons in need of
supervision." We call  for an end  to the practice in  many states  of
jailing children not  accused of any crime.  We seek the repeal of all
"children's codes" or  statutes which abridge  due process protections
for young people.  We further favor  the abolition  of  the  juvenile
court system, so  that juveniles will  be held fully  responsible  for
their crimes.
   
   
We defend the rights of individuals to unrestricted freedom of speech
Whenever parents or  other guardians are unable or unwilling to care
and freedom of the press and guarantee the right of  individuals to
for their children,  those guardians have the  right  to  seek other
dissent from government itself. We recognize  that full  freedom  of
persons who are willing to assume guardianship, and children have the
expression is possible  only as part  of a  system  of  full  property
right to seek other guardians who place a higher value on their lives.
rights.  The freedom to use one's  own voice; the freedom  to hire  a
Accordingly, we oppose all laws that impede these processes, notably
hall; the freedom  to own a printing press, a broadcasting station, or
those restricting private adoption services or those forcing children
a transmission cable;  the freedom to wave or burn one's own flag; and
to remain in the custody of their parents against their will.
similar property-based freedoms  are precisely what constitute freedom
of communication.  At  the same time, we recognize that  freedom  of
communication does not extend to the use of other people's property to
promote one's ideas without the voluntary consent of the owners.
   
   
We oppose any abridgment of the  freedom of speech through government
Children should always have the right to establish their maturity by
censorship, regulation or control of communications media, including,
assuming administration and protection of their  own  rights, ending
but not limited to, laws concerning:
dependency upon their  parents or other guardians and assuming all the
responsibilities of adulthood.
   
   
-- Obscenity, including  "pornography", as  we  hold  this  to  be  an
===22. AMERICAN INDIAN RIGHTS===
abridgment of liberty  of expression despite claims that it instigates
rape or assault, or demeans and slanders women;
   
   
-- Reception and  storage equipment, such as digital audio tape
The major factors underlying the unconscionable  plight of  America's
recorders and radar warning devices, and the manufacture of video
Indians may be summarized as follows: (1) the unresolved complexity of
terminals by telephone companies;
dual national citizenship;  (2) the attrition of reservation lands and
abridgement of Indian  rights to remaining properties; (3) the
subjugation of individual  Indians to the Bureau of Indian Affairs and
tribal governmental authority;  and (4) various federal commitments to
provide the tribes  with  health,  education, and welfare benefits
"forever" in exchange for expropriated lands.
   
   
-- Electronic bulletin boards,  communications networks,  and other
We favor the  following remedies, respectively: (1) individual Indians
interactive electronic media as we hold them to be the functional
should be free to select their citizenship, if any, and tribes should
equivalent of speaking halls and  printing presses in the age of
be  allowed  to  choose  their  level of autonomy,  up  to absolute
electronic communications, and as such deserving of full freedom;
sovereignty; (2)  Indians should have  their just property rights
restored, including rights  of easement, access, hunting and fishing;
(3) the Bureau  of Indian Affairs should be abolished and tribal
members allowed to  decide the extent  and nature of their government,
if any; and  (4) negotiations should be undertaken to exchange various
otherwise unclaimed and  unowned federal properties  for any  and  all
remaining governmental obligations to the tribes.
   
   
-- Electronic newspapers,  electronic "Yellow Pages", and other new
We further advocate holding fully liable those responsible for any and
information media, as these deserve full freedom.
all damages which  have resulted from  authorization of, or engagement
in, resource development on reservation lands, including damages done
by careless disposal of uranium tailings and other mineral wastes.
   
   
-- Commercial speech or advertising.
===23. THE WAR ON DRUGS===
   
   
We oppose speech codes at all schools that are primarily tax funded.
The so-called "War on Drugs" is a grave threat to individual liberty,
Language that is deemed offensive to certain groups is not a cause for
to domestic order  and to peace  in the  world;  furthermore, it  has
legal action.
provided a rationale by which the power of the state has been expanded
to restrict greatly  our right to  privacy and to  be  secure  in  our
homes.
   
   
We favor the  abolition of the Federal Communications Commission as we
We call for  the repeal of all laws establishing  criminal  or  civil
would provide for  free market ownership of  airwave  frequencies,
penalties for  the  use of drugs  and of  "anti-crime" measures
deserving of full First Amendment protection.
restricting individual rights to be secure in our persons, homes, and
   
property, or limiting our rights to keep and bear arms.
We oppose government ownership or subsidy  of, or  funding  for, any
communications organization.
   
   
We strongly oppose  the government's burgeoning  practice of  invading
newsrooms, or the  premises of other  innocent third parties,  in  the
name of law  enforcement. We further  oppose court orders gagging news
coverage of criminal proceedings -- the right to publish and broadcast
must not be  abridged merely  for  the  convenience  of  the  judicial
system.  We deplore  any efforts to  impose  thought  control  on  the
media, either  by  the  use  of  anti-trust  laws,  or  by  any  other
government action in the name of stopping "bias."
   
   
Removal of all  of these  regulations  and  practices  throughout  the
=II. TRADE AND THE ECONOMY=
communications media would  open the way  to diversity and innovation.
We shall not  be satisfied until  the First Amendment is  expanded  to
protect full, unconditional freedom of communication.
   
   
10. FREEDOM OF RELIGION
Because each person  has the right  to offer  goods  and  services  to
others on the  free market, and  because government  interference  can
only harm such free activity, we oppose all intervention by government
into the  area  of  economics.  The  only  proper  role  of  existing
governments in the  economic realm  is  to  protect  property  rights,
adjudicate disputes, and  provide a legal framework in which voluntary
trade is protected.
Efforts to forcibly  redistribute wealth or  forcibly manage trade are
intolerable.  Government  manipulation  of  the  economy  creates  an
entrenched privileged class  -- those with  access to tax money -- and
an exploited class -- those who are net taxpayers.
   
   
We defend the rights of individuals to engage in (or abstain from) any
===1. THE ECONOMY===
religious activities that  do not violate  the rights of  others.  In
order to defend freedom, we advocate a strict separation of church and
State.  We oppose  government actions that  either aid or  attack  any
religion.  We oppose  taxation of church  property for the same reason
that we oppose all taxation.
   
   
We condemn the  attempts by parents or any others -- via kidnappings,
Government intervention in  the economy imperils both the personal
conservatorships, or instruction  under  confinement  --  to  force
freedom and the material prosperity of  every American. We therefore
children to conform  to their parents' or any others' religious views.
support the following specific immediate reforms:
Government  harassment  or  obstruction of  unconventional religious
groups for their beliefs or non-violent activities must end.
   
   
11. THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY
a. drastic reduction of both taxes and government spending;
   
   
There is  no  conflict  between  property  rights  and  human  rights.
b.  an end to deficit budgets;
Indeed, property rights  are the rights  of  humans  with  respect to
property, and as such, are entitled to the same respect and protection
as all other human rights.
   
   
Moreover, all human  rights are property  rights too.  Such rights  as
c.  a halt to inflationary monetary policies;
the freedom from  involuntary servitude as  well  as  the  freedom  of
speech and the  freedom of press  are based  on  self-ownership.  Our
bodies are our  property every bit  as much as is justly acquired land
or material objects.
   
   
We further hold  that the owners  of property have the  full right  to
d. the removal of all governmental impediments to free trade; and
control, use, dispose  of, or in  any  manner  enjoy,  their  property
without interference, until and unless the exercise of their control
infringes the valid rights of others.  We oppose all violations of the
right to private  property, liberty of  contract, and freedom of trade
done in the  name of  national  security.  We  also  condemn  current
government efforts to  regulate or ban the use of property in the name
of  aesthetic  values,  riskiness,  moral  standards,  cost-benefit
estimates, or the promotion or restriction of economic growth.
   
   
We demand an end to the  taxation of privately owned real property,
e. the repeal of all controls on wages,  prices, rents, profits,
which actually makes the State the owner of all  lands  and  forces
production, and interest rates.
individuals to rent their homes and places of business from the State.
We condemn attempts  to employ eminent  domain to municipalize sports
teams or to try to force them to stay in their present location.
   
   
Where property, including  land, has  been  taken  from  its  rightful
===2. TAXATION===
owners by the  government or private action in violation of individual
rights, we favor restitution to the rightful owners.  Specifically, we
call for the return of lands taken from Americans of Japanese ancestry
during World War II.
   
   
12. PROTECTION OF PRIVACY
Since we believe  that all persons are entitled to keep the fruits of
   
their labor, we oppose all government  activity that consists of the
The individual's right to privacy, property, and right to speak or not
forcible collection of money or goods from individuals in violation of
to speak should not be infringed  by the government. The government
their individual rights.  Specifically, we:
should not use  electronic or other means of covert surveillance of an
individual's actions or  private property without  the consent of  the
owner  or  occupant.   Correspondence,  bank  and  other  financial
transactions  and  records,  doctors'  and  lawyers' communications,
employment records, and  the like should  not be  open  to  review  by
government without the  consent  of  all  parties  involved  in  those
actions.
   
   
We support the protections provided by the Fourth Amendment and oppose
a.  recognize the  right of any individual to challenge the payment of
any government use of search warrants  to examine or seize  materials
taxes on moral, religious, legal, or constitutional grounds;
belonging to innocent third parties.  We also oppose police roadblocks
aimed at randomly, and without probable  cause, testing  drivers  for
intoxication and police  practices to stop  mass transit vehicles  and
search passengers without probable cause.
   
   
So long as the National Census and all  federal, state, and other
b.  oppose all personal and  corporate income taxation,  including
government agencies' compilations of data on an individual continue to
capital gains taxes;
exist, they should be conducted only  with the consent of the persons
from whom the data is sought.
   
   
We oppose all proposed regulations of civilian research on encryption
c.  support the repeal of the  Sixteenth Amendment,  and oppose any
methods. We also oppose government classification of such research or
increase in existing tax rates and the imposition of any new taxes;
requirements that deciphering methods be disclosed to the government.
   
   
If a private  employer screens prospective  or current  employees  via
d.  support the eventual repeal of all taxation; and
questionnaires, polygraph tests,  urine tests for  drugs, blood  tests
for AIDS, or other means, this is a condition of that employer's labor
contracts. Such screening  does not violate the rights of employees,
who have the  right to boycott  such employers if they choose. Private
contractual arrangements, including  labor contracts, must  be founded
on mutual consent  and agreement in  a society that upholds freedom of
association. On the other hand, we oppose any use of such screening by
government or regulations  requiring government contractors  to impose
any such screening.
   
   
We oppose government regulations that require employers  to provide
e. support a declaration of unconditional amnesty for  all those
health insurance coverage  for  employees, which  often  encourage
individuals who have been convicted of, or who now stand accused of,
unnecessary intrusions  by  employers  into  the  privacy of their
tax resistance.
employees.
   
   
We oppose the  issuance by the  government of an identity card, to be
As an interim measure, all criminal and civil sanctions against tax
required for any purpose, such  as  employment,  voting,  or  border
evasion should be terminated immediately.
crossing.
   
   
We further oppose  the nearly universal requirement for use of the
We oppose as involuntary servitude any legal requirements forcing
Social Security Number as a personal  identification code, whether by
employers or business  owners to serve as tax collectors for federal,
government  agencies or  by  intimidation  of  private  companies  by
state, or local tax agencies.
governments.
   
   
13. GOVERNMENT SECRECY
We oppose any  and all increases in the rate of taxation or categories
of taxpayers, including  the elimination of deductions, exemptions, or
credits in the  spurious name of  "fairness," "simplicity," or alleged
"neutrality to the  free market."  No tax can ever be fair, simple, or
neutral to the free market.
   
   
We condemn the government's use of secret classifications to keep from
In the current  fiscal crisis of states and municipalities, default is
the public information  that it should  have.  We favor substituting a
preferable to raising taxes or perpetual refinancing of growing public
system  in  which  no  individual  may  be  convicted  for  violating
debt.
government secrecy classifications  unless the  government  discharges
its burden of proving that the publication:
a. violated the  right of privacy of those who have been coerced into
revealing  confidential  or  proprietary  information  to  government
agents, or
   
   
b.  disclosed defensive  military plans so as to materially impair the
===3. INFLATION AND DEPRESSION===
capabilities to respond to attack.
   
   
It should always be a defense to such prosecution that information
We recognize that  government control over  money and banking  is  the
divulged shows that the government has violated the law.
primary cause of  inflation and depression.  Individuals  engaged  in
voluntary exchange should  be free to use  as  money  any  mutually
agreeable commodity or  item, such as  gold coins denominated by units
of weight.  We therefore call for the repeal of all legal tender laws
and of all  compulsory governmental units  of account.  We support the
right to private  ownership of and  contracts for gold.  We  favor the
elimination of all  government fiat money  and all  government minted
coins.  All restrictions  upon the private  minting of coins should be
abolished so that minting will be open to the competition of the free
market.
   
   
14. INTERNAL SECURITY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES
We favor free-market  banking.  We  call  for  the  abolition  of  the
Federal Reserve System,  Federal Deposit  Insurance  Corporation,  the
National  Banking  System,  and  all  similar  national  and  state
interventions  affecting  banking  and  credit.    Our  opposition
encompasses all controls  on the rate  of interest.  We also  call for
the abolition of  the Federal Home  Loan Bank System,  the  Resolution
Trust Corporation,  the  National  Credit  Union  Administration,  the
National Credit Union  Central Liquidity  Facility,  and  all  similar
national  and  state  interventions  affecting  savings  and  loan
associations, credit unions, and other depository institutions.  There
should  be  unrestricted  competition  among  banks  and  depository
institutions of all types.
   
   
We  call  for  abolition of secret  police,  such  as  the Central
To complete the separation of bank and State, we favor the Jacksonian
Intelligence Agency.  We  support  Congressional  investigation  of
independent treasury system, in which all government funds are held by
criminal activities of the CIA and  FBI and of  wrongdoing  by  other
the government itself and not deposited in any private banks.  The
governmental agencies.
only further necessary check upon monetary inflation is the consistent
application of the general protection against fraud to the minting and
banking industries.
   
   
We  support  the  abolition of the   subpoena power as  used  by
Pending its abolition, the Federal Reserve System, in order to halt
Congressional committees against individuals or firms.  We oppose any
rampant inflation, must immediately cease its expansion of the
efforts to revive the House Internal Security Committee or  its
quantity of money.  As interim measures, we further support:
predecessor the House  Un-American Activities Committee,  and call for
the destruction of its files on  private individuals and groups.   We
also call for the abolition of  the Senate Subcommittee  on  Internal
Security.
   
   
15. THE RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS
a. the lifting of all restrictions on branch banking;
   
   
The Bill of  Rights recognizes that an armed citizenry is essential to
b.  the repeal of all state usury laws;
a free society.   We affirm the right to keep and bear arms and oppose
all laws at  any  level  of  government restricting,  regulating,  or
requiring the ownership, manufacture, transfer, or sale of firearms or
ammunition. We oppose  all laws requiring  registration of firearms or
ammunition.  We also  oppose any government efforts to ban or restrict
the use of  tear gas, "mace,"  or other self-protection  devices.  We
further oppose all  attempts to  ban  weapons  or  ammunition  on  the
grounds that they are risky or unsafe.
   
   
We support repeal of the National Firearms Act of 1934 and the Federal
c.  the removal of all remaining restrictions on the interest paid for
Gun Control Act of 1968, and we demand the immediate abolition of the
deposits;
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms.
d. the elimination  of laws setting  margin requirements on purchases
and sales of securities;
   
   
We favor the  repeal of laws  banning the concealment  of  weapons  or
e.  the revocation of all other selective credit controls;
prohibiting pocket weapons.  We also oppose the banning of inexpensive
handguns ("Saturday night specials").
   
   
16. CONSCRIPTION AND THE MILITARY
f. the abolition  of Federal Reserve  control over  the  reserves  of
non-member banks and other depository institutions; and
   
   
Recognizing  that  registration  is  the  first  step  toward  full
g.  the lifting of the prohibition of domestic deposits denominated in
conscription, we oppose all attempts at compulsory registration of any
foreign currencies.
person and all  schemes for automatic  registration through government
invasions of the  privacy of school,  motor vehicle, or other records.
We call for the abolition of the still-functioning elements  of the
Selective Service System,  believing that impressment  of  individuals
into the armed  forces is involuntary  servitude.  We  call  for  the
destruction of  all  files  in computer-readable  or  hard-copy  form
compiled by the  Selective Service System.  We also oppose any form of
national service, such as a compulsory youth labor program.
   
   
We oppose adding  women to the  pool of those eligible for and subject
===4. FINANCE AND CAPITAL INVESTMENT===
to the draft,  not because we think that as a rule women are unfit for
combat, but because  we believe that  this step enlarges the number of
people subjected to government tyranny.
   
   
We support the immediate and unconditional exoneration of all who have
We call for  the abolition of all regulation of financial and capital
been accused or convicted of  draft evasion,  desertion from the
markets. Specifically, we  demand the abolition of  the tyrannical
military, and other acts of resistance to such transgressions as
Securities and Exchange  Commission, of state "Blue Sky" laws which
imperialistic wars and  aggressive acts of  the military.  Members of
repress  small  and   risky capital ventures, and of all federal
the military should have the same  right to quit their jobs as other
regulation of commodity markets.  We oppose  any attempts to ban  or
persons.
regulate such innovative  financial  devices  as   investing  in
stock-market index futures.
   
   
We call for the end of the Defense Department practice of discharging
We call for repeal of all laws based on the muddled concept of insider
armed forces personnel for homosexual conduct.  We further call for
trading.  What should  be punished is  the theft  of information  or
retraction of all less-than-honorable discharges previously assigned
breach of contract to hold information in confidence, not trading on
for such reasons and deletion of  such information from military
the basis of  valuable knowledge.  We support the right of  third
personnel files.
parties to make stock purchase tender offers to stockholders over the
opposition of entrenched management, and oppose all laws restricting
such offers.
   
   
We recommend the  repeal of the  Uniform Code of Military  Justice and
===5. GOVERNMENT DEBT===
the recognition and  equal protection of  the rights of  armed  forces
members.  This will  thereby promote morale,  dignity, and a sense  of
justice within the military.
   
   
17. IMMIGRATION
We support the  drive for a  constitutional  amendment  requiring  the
national government to  balance its budget,  and also support  similar
amendments to require  balanced state budgets.   To  be  effective,  a
balanced budget amendment should provide:
   
   
We hold that  human rights should not be denied or  abridged  on  the
a.  that neither Congress nor the President be permitted to override
basis  of  nationality.  We  condemn  massive  roundups  of  Hispanic
this requirement;
Americans and others by  the  federal  government  in  its  hunt  for
   
individuals not possessing required government documents.  We strongly
b.  that all off-budget items are included in the budget;
oppose all measures  that  punish  employers  who  hire  undocumented
workers.  Such measures  repress free enterprise,  harass workers, and
systematically discourage employers from hiring Hispanics.
   
   
We welcome all refugees to our country and condemn the efforts of U.S.
c. that the  budget is balanced exclusively by cutting expenditures,
officials to create a new "Berlin Wall" which would keep them captive.
and not by raising taxes; and
We condemn the  U.S.  government's policy  of barring those  refugees
from our country and preventing Americans from assisting their passage
to help them escape tyranny or improve their economic prospects.
   
   
Undocumented non-citizens should not be denied the fundamental freedom
d.  that no exception be made for periods of national emergency.
to labor and  to move about unmolested.  Furthermore, immigration must
not be restricted for reasons of race, religion, political creed, age,
or sexual preference.
   
   
We therefore call  for  the  elimination  of all restrictions on
The Federal Reserve should be forbidden to acquire any additional
immigration, the abolition  of the Immigration  and  Naturalization
government securities, thereby helping to eliminate the inflationary
Service and the  Border Patrol, and  a declaration of full amnesty for
aspect of the deficit.  Governments facing fiscal crises should always
all  people  who  have  entered  the country  illegally.   We oppose
default in preference to raising taxes.  At a minimum, the level of
government welfare and resettlement payments to  non-citizens just as
government should be frozen.
we oppose government welfare payments to all other persons.
   
   
18. DISCRIMINATION
===6. MONOPOLIES===
   
   
Individual rights should not be denied, abridged, or enhanced at the
We condemn all  coercive monopolies. We recognize that government is
expense of other  people's rights, on  the basis of sex, wealth, race,
the source of  monopoly, through its grants of legal privilege to
color, creed,  age,  national origin, personal habits, political
special interests in the economy.  In order to abolish monopolies, we
preference, or  sexual  orientation  by the laws  at  any  level  of
advocate a strict separation of business and State.
government.  Protective labor  laws, Selective Service laws, and other
laws that violate  rights  selectively  should  be  repealed  entirely
rather than being extended to all groups.
   
   
Discrimination imposed by the government has brought  disruption  in
"Anti-trust" laws do not prevent monopoly, but foster it by limiting
normal relationships of people, set neighbor against neighbor, created
competition.  We therefore call for the  repeal of all  "anti-trust"
gross injustices, and diminished human potential.  Anti-discrimination
laws,  including the   Robinson-Patman Act which   restricts price
enforced by the government is the  reverse side of the coin, and will
discounts, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, and the Clayton Anti-Trust Act.
for the same reasons create the  same problems.   Consequently, we
We further call for the abolition of the Federal Trade Commission and
oppose any government  attempts to  regulate  private  discrimination,
the anti-trust division of the Department of Justice.
including discrimination in  employment, housing, and privately owned
so-called public accommodations.   The right  to  trade  includes  the
right not to trade -- for any reasons whatsoever.
   
   
19. WOMEN'S RIGHTS AND ABORTION
We defend the right of individuals to form corporations, cooperatives,
and other types  of companies based on voluntary association.  Laws of
incorporation should not  include grants of  monopoly  privilege.  In
particular, we oppose  special limits on the liability of corporations
for damages caused  in noncontractual transactions.  We  also  oppose
state or federal  limits on the  size of private companies  and on the
right of companies  to merge.  We  further oppose efforts, in the name
of social responsibility,  or any  other  reason,  to  expand  federal
chartering of corporations  into a pretext  for government control  of
business.
   
   
We hold that individual rights should not be denied or abridged on the
===7. SUBSIDIES===
basis of sex.  We call for  repeal of all laws discriminating against
women, such as  protective labor laws  and marriage  or  divorce  laws
which deny the  full rights of  men and women.  We  oppose  all  laws
likely to impose  restrictions on free  choice and private property or
to widen tyranny through reverse discrimination.
   
   
Recognizing that each person must be the sole and absolute owner of
In order to achieve a free economy in which government victimizes no
his or her own body, we support the right of women to make a personal
one for the  benefit of any other, we oppose all government subsidies
choice regarding the  termination of pregnancy.  We oppose the
to business, labor, education, agriculture, science, broadcasting, the
undermining of the right via laws requiring consent of the pregnant
arts, sports, or any other special interest.  In particular, we
woman's parents, consent of the prospective father, waiting periods,
condemn any  effort  to  forge  an  alliance between government and
or compulsory provision of indoctrination on medical risks or  fetal
business under the  guise of  "reindustrialization"  or  "industrial
development.  However, we also oppose all tax funding for abortions.
policy." The unrestricted competition of the free market is the best
It is particularly harsh to force someone who believes that abortion
way to foster prosperity.  We therefore oppose any resumption of the
is murder to  pay for another's  abortion.  We  also  condemn
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, or any similar plan that would
state-mandated abortions.
force the taxpayer to subsidize or sustain any enterprise.
   
   
20. FAMILY LIFE
We call for  the abolition of  the Federal Financing  Bank,  the  most
important  national  agency  subsidizing  special  interests  with
government  loans.  We  also  oppose  all  government  guarantees  of
so-called  private  loans.  Such  guarantees  transfer  resources  to
special interests as  effectively as  actual  government  expenditures
and, at the  national level, exceed  direct government loans in  total
amount.  Taxpayers  must  never  bear  the  cost  of  default  upon
government-guaranteed  loans.  All  national,  state,  and  local
government agencies whose  primary function  is  to  guarantee  loans,
including  the  Federal    Housing  Administration,    the    Rural
Electrification Administration, and the Small Business Administration,
should be abolished or privatized.
   
   
We support protection of the integrity of families and households as
The loans of  government-sponsored enterprises, even  when  not
contractual  institutions   against    government   intrusion    and
guaranteed by the government, constitute another form of subsidy.  All
interference. Such governmental interference has undermined the value
such enterprises -- the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation,  the
of families and households as cultural institutions of love, nurture,
Federal National Mortgage Association, the Farm Credit Administration,
companionship, kinship, and  personal development by forcing them  to
and the Student Loan Marketing Association -- must either be abolished
conform to a  rigid, inflexible  design.   Moreover, we  condemn the
or completely privatized.
usurpation by government  through  morals  laws,  government  welfare
programs, and government  schools, of activities  long carried  on  by
families and households.  We further accuse  government of  designing
educational programs that  place civic and moral education under  the
control of politicians  and of designing  welfare  laws  that  destroy
families and households.
   
   
21. CHILDREN'S RIGHTS
Relief or exemption  from  taxation  or  from  any  other  involuntary
government intervention, however, should not be considered a subsidy.
   
   
Children are human  beings and, as  such, have all the rights of human
===8. TARIFFS AND QUOTAS===
beings.
   
   
We recognize that children who have not reached maturity need
Like subsidies, tariffs and quotas serve only to give special
guardians to secure their rights and  to aid in the exercise of those
treatment to favored interests and to diminish the welfare of other
rights. We hold that guardianship belongs to those who most love and
individuals.  The measures  also reduce the  scope  of  contracts and
value the child and his or her development, normally the parents and
understanding among different peoples.  We therefore support abolition
never the state.
of all tariffs  and quotas as  well as the Tariff Commission and  the
Customs Court.
   
   
We oppose all laws that empower government officials to seize children
===9. PUBLIC UTILITIES===
and make them  "wards of the  state" or, by means  of child labor laws
and compulsory education,  to infringe on  their freedom  to  work  or
learn as they  choose.  We oppose  all legally created  or  sanctioned
discrimination against (or  in favor of)  children, just as we  oppose
government discrimination directed  at any other  artificially defined
sub-category of human  beings.  Specifically we oppose ordinances that
outlaw adults-only apartment housing.
   
   
We also support  the repeal of  all laws establishing any  category of
We advocate the termination of government-created franchise privileges
crimes applicable to children for which adults would not be similarly
and governmental monopolies for such services  as garbage collection,
vulnerable, such as  curfew, smoking, and alcoholic beverage laws, and
fire protection, electricity,   natural  gas,  cable  television,
other status offenses.   Similarly, we favor  the repeal of  "stubborn
telephone, or water supplies. Furthermore, all rate regulation in
child" laws and laws establishing the category of "persons in need of
these industries should be abolished.  The right to offer such
supervision." We call for an end to the practice in many states of
services on the market should not be curtailed by law.
jailing children not accused of any crime. We seek the repeal of all
"children's codes" or  statutes which abridge due process protections
for young people.  We further favor the abolition of the juvenile
court system, so  that juveniles will  be held fully  responsible  for
their crimes.
   
   
Whenever parents or  other guardians are  unable or unwilling to  care
===10. UNIONS AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING===
for their children,  those guardians have  the  right  to  seek  other
persons who are  willing to assume guardianship, and children have the
right to seek other guardians who place a higher value on their lives.
Accordingly, we oppose  all laws that impede these processes, notably
those restricting private  adoption services or those forcing children
to remain in the custody of their parents against their will.
   
   
Children should always have the right  to establish their maturity by
We support the right of  free  persons to voluntarily  establish,
assuming administration and protection of their own rights,  ending
associate in, or  not associate in,  labor unions. An employer should
dependency upon their  parents or other guardians and assuming all the
have the right to recognize, or refuse to recognize, a union as the
responsibilities of adulthood.
collective bargaining agent of some, or all, of its employees.
   
   
22. AMERICAN INDIAN RIGHTS
We oppose government  interference in bargaining,  such as  compulsory
arbitration or the imposition of an obligation to bargain.  Therefore,
we urge repeal  of the National  Labor Relations Act,  and  all  state
Right-to-Work Laws which  prohibit  employers  from  making  voluntary
contracts with unions.  We oppose all  government back-to-work orders
as the imposition of a form of forced labor.
   
   
The major factors underlying the unconscionable plight of America's
Government-mandated waiting periods for closure of  factories or
Indians may be summarized as follows: (1) the unresolved complexity of
businesses hurt, rather than help, the wage-earner. We support all
dual national citizenship; (2) the attrition of reservation lands and
efforts to  benefit  workers,  owners,  and  management  by keeping
abridgement of  Indian  rights to remaining properties; (3) the
government out of this area.
subjugation of individual Indians to the Bureau of Indian Affairs and
tribal governmental authority; and (4) various federal commitments to
provide the  tribes  with  health,  education,  and  welfare benefits
"forever" in exchange for expropriated lands.
   
   
We favor the following remedies, respectively: (1) individual Indians
Workers and employers should have the right to  organize secondary
should be free  to select their citizenship, if any, and tribes should
boycotts if they so choose. Nevertheless, boycotts or strikes do not
be allowed to  choose  their  level of  autonomy,  up  to  absolute
justify the initiation of violence against other workers, employers,
sovereignty; (2) Indians  should  have  their  just  property  rights
strike-breakers, and innocent bystanders.
restored, including rights of easement, access,  hunting and fishing;
(3) the Bureau of Indian Affairs  should  be  abolished  and  tribal
members allowed to  decide the extent  and nature of their government,
if any; and (4) negotiations should be undertaken to exchange various
otherwise unclaimed and  unowned federal properties  for any  and  all
remaining governmental obligations to the tribes.
   
   
We further advocate holding fully liable those responsible for any and
=III. DOMESTIC ILLS=
all damages which  have resulted from  authorization of, or engagement
in, resource development  on reservation lands, including damages done
by careless disposal of uranium tailings and other mineral wastes.
   
   
23. THE WAR ON DRUGS
Current problems in  such areas  as  energy,  pollution,  health  care
delivery, decaying  cities,  and  poverty  are  not  solved,  but  are
primarily  caused,  by  government.  The  welfare  state,  supposedly
designed to aid the poor, is in reality a growing and parasitic burden
on all productive  people, and injures, rather than benefits, the poor
themselves.
   
   
The so-called "War  on Drugs" is a grave threat to individual liberty,
===1. ENERGY===
to domestic order  and to peace  in the  world;  furthermore,  it  has
provided a rationale by which the power of the state has been expanded
to restrict greatly  our right to  privacy and to  be  secure  in  our
homes.
   
   
We call for the repeal of  all laws establishing criminal  or  civil
We oppose all government control of  energy pricing, allocation, and
penalties for the   use of drugs  and  of "anti-crime" measures
production, such as that imposed by the Department of Energy, state
restricting individual rights to be secure in our persons, homes, and
public utility commissions, and  state pro-rationing agencies.  We
property, or limiting our rights to keep and bear arms.
oppose all government subsidies for energy research, development, and
operation.
   
   
We oppose all  direct and indirect  government  participation  in  the
nuclear energy industry, including subsidies, research and development
funds, guaranteed loans, waste disposal subsidies, and federal uranium
enrichment facilities.  The  Nuclear Regulatory Commission  should  be
abolished;  full  liability  --  not  government  agencies  --  should
regulate nuclear power.  The Price-Anderson Act,  through  which  the
government  limits  liability  for  nuclear  accidents  and  furnishes
partial payment at  taxpayer expense,  should  be  repealed.  Nuclear
energy should be  denationalized and the industry's assets transferred
to the private  sector.  Any nuclear power industry must meet the test
of a free market.
   
   
We oppose any restriction on the use of alternative fuels.
   
   
                      II. TRADE AND THE ECONOMY
We support abolition  of the Department of Energy and the abolition of
   
its component agencies,  without  their  transfer  elsewhere  in  the
Because each person has the right to offer goods and services to
government.  We oppose the creation  of  any emergency mobilization
others on the  free market, and  because government interference can
agency in the energy field, which would wield dictatorial powers in
only harm such free activity, we oppose all intervention by government
order to override  normal legal processes.  We oppose all  government
into the  area of  economics.   The only proper role of existing
conservation  schemes  through  the  use  of  taxes,  subsidies,  and
governments in the economic realm is to  protect property rights,
regulation, as well  as the dictated conversion of utilities and other
adjudicate disputes, and  provide a legal framework in which voluntary
industries to coal or any other fuel. We oppose any attempt to give
trade is protected.
the federal government a monopoly over the importation of oil, or to
develop a subsidized  government energy corporation  whose privileged
status would be used as a yardstick for condemning private enterprise.
We oppose the "strategic storage" program, any attempt to compel
national self-sufficiency in  oil, any extension  of cargo  preference
law to imports, and any attempt to raise oil tariffs or impose oil
import quotas. We oppose all efforts to nationalize energy companies,
or force them  to plow back revenues solely into energy production and
the discovery of  energy sources, or  prohibit  them  from  acquiring
companies in non-energy  fields.  We also  oppose all efforts to break
up vertically and  horizontally integrated energy  companies or  force
them to divest their pipelines.
   
   
Efforts to forcibly redistribute wealth or forcibly manage trade are
We consider all  attempts to impose an operational or standby program
intolerable.  Government  manipulation  of the  economy  creates  an
of gasoline rationing to be unworkable, unnecessary, and tyrannical.
entrenched privileged class  -- those with  access to tax money -- and
an exploited class -- those who are net taxpayers.
   
   
We favor the  creation of a  free market in oil  by  instituting  full
property rights in  underground oil and  by the repeal of  all federal
and state controls  over price and  output in the petroleum  industry.
All government-owned energy resources should be turned over to private
ownership.
   
   
1. THE ECONOMY
===2. POLLUTION===
   
   
Government intervention in the economy imperils both the  personal
Pollution of other  people's property is  a  violation  of  individual
freedom and the  material prosperity of  every American.  We therefore
rights. Present legal principles, particularly the  unjust and false
support the following specific immediate reforms:
concept of "public property," block privatisation  of the use of the
environment and hence  block resolution of controversies over resource
use.  We support the development of an objective legal system defining
property rights to air and water.  We call for a modification of the
laws governing such  torts as trespass  and nuisance to cover  damages
done by  air,  water,  radiation,  and  noise  pollution.  We  oppose
legislative  proposals  to  exempt  persons  who  claim  damage  from
radiation from having  to prove such  damage was  in  fact  caused  by
radiation.  Strict liability,  not government agencies  and arbitrary
government standards, should  regulate pollution.  We therefore demand
the abolition of  the Environmental Protection Agency.  We also oppose
government-mandated smoking and  non-smoking areas in  privately owned
businesses.
   
   
a.  drastic reduction of both taxes and government spending;
Toxic waste disposal problems have been created by government policies
that separate liability  from property.  Rather  than making taxpayers
pay for toxic  waste clean-ups, individual  property owners, or in the
case of corporations,  the responsible managers  and employees, should
be held strictly  liable for material  damage done by their  property.
Claiming that one  has abandoned a piece of property does not absolve
one of the  responsibility for actions  one has  set  in  motion.  We
condemn the EPA's  Superfund whose taxing  powers are used to penalize
all chemical firms, regardless of their conduct.  Such clean-ups are a
subsidy of irresponsible companies at the expense of responsible ones.
   
   
b. an end to deficit budgets;
===3. CONSUMER PROTECTION===
   
   
c.  a halt to inflationary monetary policies;
We  support  strong  and  effective  laws  against  fraud  and
misrepresentation.  However, we oppose paternalistic regulations which
dictate to consumers, impose prices, define standards for products, or
otherwise  restrict  risk-taking  and  free  choice.    We  oppose
governmental promotion or imposition of the metric system.
   
   
d.  the removal of all governmental impediments to free trade; and
We  oppose  all  so-called  "consumer  protection"  legislation  which
infringes upon voluntary  trade, and call  for the  abolition  of  the
Consumer Product Safety  Commission. We advocate the repeal  of all
laws banning or  restricting the advertising  of prices, products,  or
services.  We specifically  oppose laws requiring an individual to buy
or use so-called "self-protection" equipment such as safety belts, air
bags, or crash helmets.
   
   
e. the repeal of all controls on wages,  prices, rents, profits,
We advocate the  abolition of the  Federal Aviation Administration,
production, and interest rates.
which has  jeopardized  airline safety  by  arrogating  to itself a
monopoly of safety regulation and enforcement.
   
   
2. TAXATION
We advocate the  abolition of the  Food and  Drug  Administration  and
particularly  its  policies  of  mandating  specific  nutritional
requirements  and  denying  the  right  of  manufacturers  to  make
non-fraudulent claims concerning  their products.  We  advocate an end
to compulsory fluoridation  of water supplies.  We specifically oppose
government regulation of  the price, potency,  or quantity able to  be
produced or purchased  of drugs or other consumer goods.  There should
be  no  laws  regarding  what  substances  (nicotine,  alcohol,
hallucinogens, narcotics,  Laetrile,  artificial  sweeteners,  vitamin
supplements, or other "drugs") a person may ingest or otherwise use.
   
   
Since we believe  that all persons  are entitled to keep the fruits of
===4. EDUCATION===
their labor, we  oppose all government  activity that consists of  the
forcible collection of money or goods from individuals in violation of
their individual rights. Specifically, we:
   
   
a. recognize the  right of any individual to challenge the payment of
We  advocate the   complete  separation of   education  and  State.
taxes on moral, religious, legal, or constitutional grounds;
Government  schools  lead  to the indoctrination  of children  and
interfere with the  free choice of individuals.  Government ownership,
operation, regulation, and  subsidy of schools  and colleges should be
ended. We call  for  the  repeal  of  the  guarantees  of  tax-funded,
government-provided  education,  which  are  found  in  most  state
constitutions.
   
   
b.  oppose all personal and corporate income taxation,  including
As an interim  measure to encourage  the growth of private schools and
capital gains taxes;
variety in education, including home schooling, we support tax credits
for  tuition  and  other  expenditures  related  to  an  individual's
education.  We likewise  favor tax credits  for child care and  oppose
nationalization of the  child-care  industry.   We oppose  denial  of
tax-exempt  status  to  schools  because  of those schools' private
policies on hiring, admissions, and student  deportment. We  support
the repeal of  all taxes on the income or property of private schools,
whether for profit or non-profit.
   
   
c. support the repeal of the Sixteenth Amendment, and oppose  any
We condemn compulsory education laws, which spawn prison-like schools
increase in existing tax rates and the imposition of any new taxes;
with many of the problems associated with prisons, and we call for an
immediate repeal of such laws.
   
   
d.  support the eventual repeal of all taxation; and
Until  government  involvement  in  education  is  ended,  we  support
elimination, within the  governmental school system,  of forced busing
and corporal punishment.   We further support  immediate reduction of
tax support for  schools, and removal  of the burden of school  taxes
from those not responsible for the education of children.
   
   
e.  support a  declaration of  unconditional  amnesty  for  all  those
===5. POPULATION===
individuals who have  been convicted of,  or who now stand accused of,
tax resistance.
   
   
As an interim measure, all criminal and civil sanctions against tax
Recognizing that the American people are  not a collective national
evasion should be terminated immediately.
resource, we oppose all coercive measures for population control.
   
   
We oppose as involuntary servitude any legal requirements forcing
We oppose government actions that either compel or prohibit abortion,
employers or business owners to serve as tax collectors for federal,
sterilization, or any  other forms of birth control. Specifically, we
state, or local tax agencies.
condemn the  vicious  practice  of  forced sterilization of welfare
recipients  or  of  mentally  retarded  or   "genetically  defective"
individuals.
   
We regard the  tragedies caused by  unplanned, unwanted pregnancies to
be aggravated, if  not created, by  government policies of censorship,
restriction, regulation, and  prohibition. Therefore, we call for the
repeal of all  laws that restrict  anyone,  including  children,  from
engaging in voluntary  exchanges of goods,  services, or  information
regarding human sexuality, reproduction, birth  control,  or  related
medical or biological technologies.
   
   
We oppose any and all increases in the rate of taxation or categories
We equally oppose government laws and  policies  that restrict the
of taxpayers, including the elimination of deductions, exemptions, or
opportunity to choose alternatives to abortion.
credits in the spurious name of "fairness," "simplicity," or alleged
"neutrality to the  free market."  No tax can ever be fair, simple, or
neutral to the free market.
   
   
In the current fiscal crisis of states and municipalities, default is
We support an  end to all  subsidies for childbearing built  into  our
preferable to raising taxes or perpetual refinancing of growing public
present  laws,  including  welfare  plans  and  the   provision  of
debt.
tax-supported services for  children.  We  urge  the  elimination of
special tax burdens  on single people  and couples  with  few  or no
children.
   
   
3. INFLATION AND DEPRESSION
===6. TRANSPORTATION===
   
   
We recognize that government control over money and banking is  the
Government interference in  transportation is   characterized  by
primary cause of inflation and depression.  Individuals engaged in
monopolistic  restriction, corruption and gross  inefficiency.  We
voluntary exchange should be free to use as money any mutually
therefore call for  the  dissolution  of all government agencies
agreeable commodity or item, such as gold coins denominated by units
concerned  with  transportation,  including  the  Department  of
of weight.  We therefore call for the repeal of all legal tender laws
Transportation, the Interstate  Commerce Commission, the Federal
and of all  compulsory governmental units  of account. We support the
Aviation Administration, the National Transportation Safety Board, the
right to private ownership of and contracts for gold. We favor the
Coast Guard, and the Federal Maritime Commission, and the transfer of
elimination of all government fiat money and all  government minted
their legitimate functions  to competitive private  firms.  We demand
coins. All restrictions upon the private  minting of coins should be
the return of America's railroad system to private ownership.  We call
abolished so that  minting will be open to the competition of the free
for the privatization of airports, air traffic control systems, public
market.
roads,  and   the  national  highway  system.   We   condemn  the
re-cartelization of  commercial  aviation by the Federal  Aviation
Administration via  rationing  of  take-off and  landing rights and
controlling scheduling in the name of "safety."
   
   
We favor free-market banking. We call for the abolition of the
As interim measures, we advocate an immediate end to government
Federal Reserve System,  Federal Deposit  Insurance  Corporation, the
regulation of private transit organizations and to governmental favors
National Banking System,   and all  similar  national and  state
to the  transportation industry.   In particular, we support the
interventions affecting  banking  and  credit.    Our  opposition
immediate repeal of  all laws restricting transit competition such as
encompasses all controls on the rate  of interest. We also call for
the granting of  taxicab and bus monopolies and the  prohibition  of
the abolition of  the Federal Home Loan Bank System, the  Resolution
private jitney services.  We urge immediate deregulation of the
Trust Corporation, the National Credit Union Administration, the
trucking industry. Likewise,  we advocate the immediate repeal of
National Credit Union Central Liquidity  Facility,  and all  similar
federally imposed speed limits.
national and state  interventions affecting  savings  and  loan
associations, credit unions, and other depository institutions.  There
should  be  unrestricted  competition  among  banks  and  depository
institutions of all types.
   
   
To complete the  separation of bank and State, we favor the Jacksonian
===7. POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT===
independent treasury system, in which all government funds are held by
the government itself  and not deposited  in any private  banks.  The
only further necessary check upon monetary inflation is the consistent
application of the general protection against fraud to the minting and
banking industries.
   
   
Pending its abolition, the Federal Reserve System, in order to halt
Government fiscal and  monetary  measures  that  artificially  foster
rampant inflation, must immediately cease its expansion of the
business expansion guarantee  an  eventual  increase  in  unemployment
quantity of money. As interim measures, we further support:
rather than curtailing  it.  We call  for the immediate cessation of
such policies as  well as any governmental attempts to affect
employment levels.
   
   
a.  the lifting of all restrictions on branch banking;
We support repeal of all laws that impede the ability of any person to
find employment, such  as minimum wage  laws,  so-called  "protective"
labor legislation for women and children, governmental restrictions on
the establishment of  private day-care centers, and the National Labor
Relations Act.   We  deplore government-fostered  forced  retirement,
which robs the elderly of the right to work.
   
   
b.  the repeal of all state usury laws;
We seek the  elimination of  occupational  licensure,  which  prevents
human beings from  working in whatever  trade they wish.  We  call for
the abolition of all federal, state,  and local  government  agencies
that restrict entry into any profession, such as education and law, or
regulate its practice.  No worker should be legally penalized for lack
of certification, and  no consumer should  be legally restrained  from
hiring unlicensed individuals.
   
   
c.  the removal of all remaining restrictions on the interest paid for
We oppose all  government welfare, relief  projects, and "aid  to  the
deposits;
poor"  programs.   All  these  government  programs  are  invasive  of
privacy, paternalistic, demeaning, and inefficient.  The proper source
of help for  such persons is the voluntary efforts of private groups
and individuals.
   
   
d.  the elimination  of laws setting  margin requirements on purchases
To speed the time when governmental programs are replaced by effective
and sales of securities;
private institutions we advocate dollar-for-dollar tax credits for all
charitable contributions.
   
   
e. the revocation of all other selective credit controls;
===8. HEALTH CARE===
   
   
f.  the abolition of Federal Reserve control over the  reserves of
We  advocate  the  complete  separation  of  medicine  and  State.
non-member banks and other depository institutions; and
Recognizing the individual's  right to self-medication,  we  seek the
elimination of all government restrictions on the right of individuals
to pursue alternative  forms of health  care.  Individuals  should  be
free to contract with practitioners of  their choice for  all  health
care  services.  We  oppose  any  government  infringement  upon the
practitioner-patient  relationship  through  regulatory  agencies  or
contracted  review  organizations.    We condemn the  practice  of
criminally prosecuting  medical  practitioners  under  the  anti-trust
laws.
   
   
g.  the lifting of the prohibition of domestic deposits denominated in
We oppose any  form of compulsory National Health Insurance, including
foreign currencies.
mandatory health insurance  benefits  required  of  employers  by  the
government.  We favor abolition of Medicare and Medicaid programs. We
also oppose any  state or federal  area planning boards  whose  stated
purpose is to  consolidate health services or avoid their duplication.
We  support the   removal  of  all  government  barriers  to  medical
advertising, including prohibition of publication of doctors' fees and
drug prices.  We  further support the elimination of  laws  requiring
prescriptions for the dispensing of medicines and other health-related
items.
   
   
4. FINANCE AND CAPITAL INVESTMENT
We condemn efforts  by government to  impose a  medical  orthodoxy  on
society.  We specifically  oppose  the  attempt  by  state  and  local
governments to deny  parents the right  to choose the option  of  home
births and to  discourage the development  of privately funded women's
clinics.  We call  for the  repeal  of  all  laws  that  restrict  the
practice of lay  midwifery or that  permit harassment of lay  midwives
and home birth  practitioners.  We also  call for the  repeal  of  all
medical licensing laws, which have raised medical costs while creating
a government-imposed monopoly of doctors and hospitals.
   
   
We call for the abolition of all regulation of financial and capital
Since a person's body is his or her own property, we favor repeal of
markets.  Specifically, we  demand the  abolition  of  the  tyrannical
the existing prohibition on the commercial sale and purchase of body
Securities and Exchange  Commission, of state  "Blue Sky"  laws  which
parts.
repress  small  and  risky  capital  ventures,  and  of  all  federal
regulation of commodity  markets.  We oppose  any attempts to  ban  or
regulate  such  innovative  financial  devices  as  investing  in
stock-market index futures.
   
   
We call for repeal of all laws based on the muddled concept of insider
We favor the deregulation of the health insurance industry, and oppose
trading.  What should be punished is the  theft of  information or
government-imposed limits on its use of genetic and other  screening
breach of contract to hold information in confidence, not trading on
and testing methods.   We oppose laws  that  limit the  freedom of
the basis of  valuable knowledge.  We  support  the  right of third
contract of patients  and health care  professionals, and  laws
parties to make stock purchase tender offers to stockholders over the
regulating the supply  of legal aid  on a contingency fee basis.  We
opposition of entrenched management, and oppose all laws restricting
also oppose subsidy of malpractice insurance through public funds. We
such offers.
call for the  repeal of laws forcing health care professionals to
render medical services in emergencies or other situations.
   
   
5. GOVERNMENT DEBT
We recognize that  AIDS is a  dread disease of  epidemic  proportions.
But governmental proposals  to  combat  it  present  an  unprecedented
threat to individual  liberty and often  encourage the spread  of  the
disease.  We oppose  all government-mandated  AIDS  testing.  We  are
opposed to FDA restrictions which make it difficult for individuals to
secure  treatment  for  this  disease.  We  also  call  for  the
decriminalization of hypodermic  syringes,  especially  since  sharing
needles is now  a major means  of transmission  of  the  disease.  We
oppose government-mandated contact tracing and state intervention into
the private medical records of individuals.  We are opposed to efforts
by the government,  especially the postal  service,  to  restrict  the
dissemination of AIDS  education material.  We  support the rights  of
all individuals to  freedom of association  including the right not to
associate.
   
   
We support the  drive for a constitutional amendment requiring the
We condemn attempts  at the federal, state, or local level to cripple
national government to  balance its budget,  and also support similar
the advance of science by governmental restriction of research.  We
amendments to require balanced state budgets.   To be effective,  a
oppose subsidies to, or restrictions of, medical education.  We call
balanced budget amendment should provide:
for an end  to government policies compelling individuals to submit to
medical experiments, treatment, and testing.  We  condemn  compulsory
hospitalization, compulsory vaccination,  and compulsory fluoridation.
As interim measures, we advocate dollar-for-dollar tax credits to any
individual or group  providing health care  services to the  needy  or
paying for such services.  Tax credits  should also be made available
for private grants to medical education and medical research.
   
   
a.  that neither Congress nor the  President be permitted to override
Because all individuals should have full responsibility and control of
this requirement;
their own lives,  we support the right of terminally or hopelessly ill
   
persons to end  their lives.  We  support the freedom  to  use  living
b.  that all off-budget items are included in the budget;
wills and durable  medical powers of  attorney  in  which individuals
declare the manner in which they are to be treated and the procedures
for disposal of  their remains.  In  the absence of such wills and the
ability for the  individual to choose (e.g. coma) the matter should be
decided by such  person or persons  as the individual may have clearly
preferred, with whatever  guidance they may  desire.  In keeping with
the principle of non-coercion, no individual shall be forced to either
continue or terminate  life sustaining  care.   This  right  does not
entitle individuals to force medical professionals or others to assist
them in ending their lives or in continuing life support.
   
   
c. that the  budget is balanced  exclusively by cutting expenditures,
===9. RESOURCE USE===
and not by raising taxes; and
   
   
d.  that no exception be made for periods of national emergency.
Resource management is  properly the responsibility  and right of  the
legitimate owners of  land, water, and  other natural  resources.   We
oppose government control  of resource  use  through  eminent  domain,
zoning laws, building  codes, rent control,  regional planning,  urban
renewal, or purchase of development  rights  with  tax  money.  Such
regulations and programs violate property rights, discriminate against
minorities, create housing shortages, and tend to cause higher rents.
   
   
The Federal Reserve should be forbidden to acquire any additional
We advocate the  establishment of an efficient and just system of
government securities, thereby helping to eliminate the inflationary
private water rights,  applied to all  bodies of water,  surface  and
aspect of the deficit.  Governments facing fiscal crises should always
underground.  Such a  system should be  built upon a doctrine of first
default in preference to raising taxes.  At a minimum, the  level of
claim and  use.   The  allocation  of  water should be  governed  by
government should be frozen.
unrestricted  competition and  unregulated  prices.  All  government
restrictions upon private use or voluntary transfer of water rights or
similar despotic controls  can only  aggravate  the  misallocation  of
water.
   
   
6. MONOPOLIES
We also advocate  the privatization of government and quasi-government
water supply systems.  The construction of  government dams and other
water projects should  cease, and existing  government water  projects
should be transferred to private ownership.  We favor the abolition of
the Bureau of  Reclamation and the  Army Corps of Engineers'  civilian
functions.  We also  favor the abolition  of all local water districts
and their power to tax.  Only the complete separation of water and the
State will prevent future water crises.
   
   
We condemn all coercive monopolies.  We  recognize that government is
We call for the  homesteading  or  other  just  transfer  to  private
the source of  monopoly, through its grants of  legal privilege to
ownership of federally  held lands.  We  oppose any use  of  executive
special interests in the economy.  In order to abolish monopolies, we
orders invoking the  Antiquities Act to  set aside public  lands.  We
advocate a strict separation of business and State.
call for the  abolition of the  Bureau of Land Management and the U.S.
Forest Service.  Forced  surface-mining of privately homesteaded lands
in which the  government has reserved  surface mining rights to itself
is a violation of the rights of the present landholders.  We recognize
the legitimacy of  resource planning by  means of  private,  voluntary
covenants. We oppose  creation of new government parks or wilderness
and recreation areas.  Such parks and areas that already exist should
be transferred to   non-government ownership.   Pending such  just
transfer, their operating  costs should be borne by their users rather
than by taxpayers.
   
   
"Anti-trust" laws do  not prevent monopoly,  but foster it by limiting
===10. AGRICULTURE===
competition.  We therefore  call for the  repeal of  all  "anti-trust"
laws,  including  the  Robinson-Patman  Act  which  restricts  price
discounts, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, and the Clayton Anti-Trust Act.
We further call for the abolition of the Federal Trade Commission and
the anti-trust division of the Department of Justice.
   
   
We defend the right of individuals to form corporations, cooperatives,
America's free market  in agriculture, the system that feeds much  of
and other types of companies based on voluntary association. Laws of
the  world,  has  been plowed under  by government intervention.
incorporation should not include grants of monopoly privilege.   In
Government  subsidies,  regulation,  and  taxes  have  encouraged  the
particular, we oppose special limits on the liability of corporations
centralization of agricultural business.  Government export policies
for damages caused in noncontractual transactions.   We also oppose
hold  American  farmers  hostage  to the  political  whims  of  both
state or federal limits on the  size of private companies and on the
Republican and Democratic administrations.  Government  embargoes on
right of companies to merge.  We further oppose efforts, in the name
grain sales and other obstacles to free trade have frustrated the
of social responsibility,  or any other  reason, to expand federal
development of free and stable trade relationships between peoples of
chartering of corporations  into a pretext  for government control of
the world.
business.
   
   
7. SUBSIDIES
The agricultural problems  facing America  today  are  not  insoluble,
however. Government policies  can be reversed.  Farmers and consumers
alike should be  free from the meddling and counterproductive measures
of the federal  government -- free  to grow, sell, and  buy what  they
want, in the  quantity they want,  when they want.  Five  steps can be
taken immediately:
   
   
In order to  achieve a free  economy in which government victimizes no
a.  abolition of the Department of Agriculture
one for the  benefit of any  other, we oppose all government subsidies
to business, labor, education, agriculture, science, broadcasting, the
arts, sports, or  any  other  special  interest.   In  particular,  we
condemn any  effort  to  forge  an  alliance  between  government  and
business under  the  guise of  "reindustrialization"  or  "industrial
policy."  The unrestricted  competition of the free market is the best
way to foster  prosperity.  We therefore  oppose any resumption of the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation,  or any similar  plan  that  would
force the taxpayer to subsidize or sustain any enterprise.
   
   
We call for the abolition of the Federal Financing  Bank,  the  most
b. elimination of  all  government  farm programs, including price
important  national  agency  subsidizing  special  interests  with
supports,  direct  subsidies,  and  all regulation on agricultural
government  loans.  We  also  oppose all  government  guarantees of
production;
so-called private  loans.  Such guarantees  transfer  resources  to
special interests as  effectively as  actual  government  expenditures
and, at the  national level, exceed direct government loans in  total
amount.  Taxpayers  must  never bear  the  cost  of  default  upon
government-guaranteed  loans.  All  national,  state,  and   local
government agencies whose primary function is to guarantee  loans,
including  the  Federal    Housing  Administration,    the    Rural
Electrification Administration, and the Small Business Administration,
should be abolished or privatized.
   
   
The  loans of   government-sponsored enterprises,  even  when  not
c. deregulation of  the transportation industry and abolition of the
guaranteed by the government, constitute another form of subsidy.  All
Interstate Commerce Commission;
such enterprises -- the Federal Home  Loan Mortgage Corporation,  the
Federal National Mortgage Association, the Farm Credit Administration,
and the Student Loan Marketing Association -- must either be abolished
or completely privatized.
   
   
Relief or exemption  from  taxation  or  from  any  other involuntary
d. repeal of federal inheritance taxes; and
government intervention, however, should not be considered a subsidy.
   
   
8. TARIFFS AND QUOTAS
e.  ending government involvement in agricultural pest control.  A
policy of pest control whereby private individuals  or corporations
Like subsidies, tariffs and quotas  serve  only  to  give  special
bear full responsibility for damages they inflict on their neighbors
treatment to favored  interests and to diminish the welfare of other
should be implemented.
individuals.  The measures  also reduce the  scope  of  contracts and
understanding among different peoples. We therefore support abolition
of all tariffs  and quotas as  well as the Tariff Commission and the
Customs Court.
   
   
9. PUBLIC UTILITIES
===11. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT (OSHA)===
   
   
We advocate the termination of government-created franchise privileges
We call for  the repeal of the Occupational Safety  and  Health Act.
and governmental monopolies for such services as garbage collection,
This law denies the right to liberty and property to both employer and
fire  protection,  electricity,  natural  gas,  cable  television,
employee, and it interferes in their private contractual relations.
telephone, or water  supplies. Furthermore,  all  rate  regulation in
OSHA's arbitrary and high-handed actions invade property rights, raise
these industries  should be abolished.   The  right  to  offer  such
costs, and are an injustice imposed on business.
services on the market should not be curtailed by law.
   
   
10. UNIONS AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
===12. SOCIAL SECURITY===
   
   
We support the  right of  free persons to voluntarily establish,
We favor the  repeal of  the  fraudulent,  virtually bankrupt, and
associate in, or not associate in, labor unions. An employer should
increasingly oppressive Social Security system. Pending that repeal,
have the right to recognize, or refuse to recognize, a  union as the
participation in Social Security should be made voluntary.  Victims of
collective bargaining agent of some, or all, of its employees.
the Social Security tax should have  a  claim  against  government
property.  We note  that members of  the U.S. Congress,  and  certain
federal, state, and local government employees, have been accorded the
privileges of non-participation, one which is not accorded the working
men and women of America.
   
   
We oppose government  interference in bargaining,  such as  compulsory
===13. POSTAL SERVICE===
arbitration or the imposition of an obligation to bargain.  Therefore,
we urge repeal  of the National  Labor Relations Act,  and  all  state
Right-to-Work Laws which  prohibit  employers  from  making  voluntary
contracts with unions.  We oppose all  government back-to-work orders
as the imposition of a form of forced labor.
   
   
Government-mandated waiting periods for closure of factories or
We propose the abolition of the government Postal Service.  The
businesses hurt, rather than help, the  wage-earner.  We support  all
present system,  in  addition  to  being  inefficient,   encourages
efforts to  benefit  workers, owners, and  management by keeping
government surveillance of private correspondence.  Pending abolition,
government out of this area.
we call for an end to  the monopoly system and  for allowing free
competition in all aspects of postal service.
   
   
Workers and employers  should have the  right  to  organize  secondary
===14. CIVIL SERVICE===
boycotts if they  so choose.  Nevertheless, boycotts or strikes do not
justify the initiation  of violence against  other workers, employers,
strike-breakers, and innocent bystanders.
   
   
We propose the abolition of the Civil Service system, which entrenches
a permanent and  growing bureaucracy upon the land.  We recognize that
the Civil Service  is inherently a  system of concealed patronage.  We
therefore recommend return  to the Jeffersonian  principle of rotation
in office.
   
   
===15. ELECTION LAWS===
   
   
                          III. DOMESTIC ILLS
We call for  an  end  to  government  control  of  political  parties,
consistent with First  Amendment rights to  freedom of association and
freedom of expression.  As private voluntary groups, political parties
should  be  allowed  to  establish  their  own  rules  for  nomination
procedures, primaries, and conventions.
   
   
Current problems in such areas as energy,  pollution, health care
We urge repeal of the Federal  Election Campaign Act which suppresses
delivery, decaying  cities,  and  poverty  are not  solved,  but are
voluntary support of candidates and parties,  compels taxpayers to
primarily caused, by government.  The welfare state,  supposedly
subsidize politicians and  political views which many do not wish to
designed to aid the poor, is in reality a growing and parasitic burden
support, invades the  privacy of American citizens, and protects the
on all productive people, and injures, rather than benefits, the poor
Republican and Democratic parties from competition.  This law is
themselves.
particularly dangerous as it enables the federal government to control
the elections of  its own administrators  and  beneficiaries, thereby
further reducing its accountability to the citizens.
   
   
Elections at all  levels should be in the control of those who wish to
participate in or  support them voluntarily.  We therefore call for an
end to any  tax-financed subsidies to  candidates or parties  and  the
repeal of all  laws which restrict  voluntary  financing  of  election
campaigns.
   
   
1. ENERGY
Many state legislatures have established prohibitively restrictive
   
laws which in effect exclude alternative candidates and parties from
We oppose all government control of energy pricing, allocation, and
their rightful place on election ballots.  Such laws wrongfully deny
production, such as that imposed by the Department of Energy, state
ballot access to political candidates and groups and further deny the
public utility commissions, and  state pro-rationing agencies.  We
voters their right to consider all legitimate alternatives. We hold
oppose all government subsidies for energy research, development, and
that no state  has an interest to protect in this area except for the
operation.
fair and efficient conduct of elections.
   
   
We oppose all  direct and indirect  government  participation  in the
The Australian ballot system, introduced into the United States in the
nuclear energy industry, including subsidies, research and development
late nineteenth century, is an abridgement  of freedom of  expression
funds, guaranteed loans, waste disposal subsidies, and federal uranium
and of voting  rights.  Under it,  the names  of all the officially
enrichment facilities.  The Nuclear Regulatory Commission should be
approved candidates are printed in a single government  sponsored
abolished; full liability -- not government  agencies -- should
format and the voter indicates his or her choice by marking it or by
regulate nuclear power.  The Price-Anderson Act, through which the
writing in an  approved but  unlisted  candidate's  name.  We  should
government limits liability for nuclear accidents and furnishes
return to the previous electoral system where there was no official
partial payment at taxpayer expense,  should be repealed.   Nuclear
ballot or candidate approval at all, and therefore no state or federal
energy should be denationalized and the industry's assets transferred
restriction of access to a "single ballot." Instead, voters submitted
to the private sector.  Any nuclear power industry must meet the test
their own choices and had the option of using "tickets" or cards
of a free market.
printed by candidates or political parties.
   
In order to grant voters a full range of choice in federal, state, and
local elections, we  propose the addition of the alternative "None of
the above is acceptable" to all ballots. We further propose that in
the event that "none of the above is acceptable" receives a plurality
of votes in  any election, the  elective office for that  term  should
remain unfilled and unfunded.
   
 
=IV. FOREIGN AFFAIRS=
   
   
We oppose any restriction on the use of alternative fuels.
American foreign policy should seek an America at peace with the world
and the defense  -- against  attack  from  abroad  --  of  the  lives,
liberty, and  property  of  the  American  people  on American  soil.
Provision of such defense must respect the individual rights of people
everywhere.
   
   
We support abolition  of the Department of Energy and the abolition of
The principle of  non-intervention should guide relationships between
its component agencies,  without  their  transfer  elsewhere  in the
governments.  The United States government should return to  the
government.  We oppose the creation of any  emergency  mobilization
historic libertarian tradition of  avoiding  entangling alliances,
agency in the energy field, which would wield dictatorial powers in
abstaining totally from foreign quarrels and  imperialist adventures,
order to override normal legal processes.  We oppose all  government
and recognizing the   right to  unrestricted  trade,  travel,  and
conservation  schemes through  the use of  taxes, subsidies, and
immigration.
regulation, as well as the dictated conversion of utilities and other
industries to coal  or any other  fuel.  We oppose any attempt to give
the federal government  a monopoly over the importation of oil, or to
develop a subsidized  government energy corporation  whose privileged
status would be used as a yardstick for condemning private enterprise.
  We oppose the "strategic storage" program,  any  attempt to  compel
national self-sufficiency in  oil, any extension  of cargo  preference
law to imports,  and any attempt  to raise oil tariffs  or impose  oil
import quotas.  We oppose all efforts to nationalize energy companies,
or force them to plow back revenues solely into energy production and
the discovery of  energy sources,  or  prohibit  them  from  acquiring
companies in non-energy  fields.  We also  oppose all efforts to break
up vertically and  horizontally integrated energy  companies or  force
them to divest their pipelines.
We consider all  attempts to impose  an operational or standby program
of gasoline rationing to be unworkable, unnecessary, and tyrannical.
   
   
We favor the  creation of a  free market in oil  by  instituting  full
==A. DIPLOMATIC POLICY==
property rights in  underground oil and  by the repeal of  all federal
and state controls  over price and  output in the petroleum  industry.
All government-owned energy resources should be turned over to private
ownership.
   
   
2. POLLUTION
===1. NEGOTIATIONS===
   
   
Pollution of other people's property is  a  violation of individual
The important principle in foreign policy should be the elimination of
rights. Present legal principles, particularly the unjust and false
intervention by the United States government in the affairs of other
concept of "public property," block privatisation of the use of the
nations.  We would negotiate with any foreign government without
environment and hence block resolution of controversies over resource
necessarily conceding moral legitimacy to that government.  We favor a
use.  We support the development of an objective legal system defining
drastic reduction in  cost and  size   of our total   diplomatic
property rights to  air and water.  We call for a modification of the
establishment.  In addition,  we favor the repeal of the  Logan Act,
laws governing such torts as trespass and nuisance to cover  damages
which prohibits private American citizens from engaging in diplomatic
done by  air,  water,  radiation, and  noise  pollution.   We  oppose
negotiations with foreign governments.
legislative proposals to   exempt  persons  who  claim  damage  from
radiation from having  to prove such  damage was  in  fact  caused  by
radiation.  Strict liability,  not government agencies and  arbitrary
government standards, should  regulate pollution.  We therefore demand
the abolition of the Environmental Protection Agency. We also oppose
government-mandated smoking and non-smoking areas in privately owned
businesses.
   
   
Toxic waste disposal problems have been created by government policies
===2. INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL AND FOREIGN INVESTMENTS===
that separate liability  from property.  Rather  than making taxpayers
pay for toxic  waste clean-ups, individual  property owners, or in the
case of corporations,  the responsible managers  and employees, should
be held strictly  liable for material  damage done by their  property.
Claiming that one  has abandoned a  piece of property does not absolve
one of the  responsibility for actions  one has  set  in  motion.  We
condemn the EPA's  Superfund whose taxing  powers are used to penalize
all chemical firms, regardless of their conduct.  Such clean-ups are a
subsidy of irresponsible companies at the expense of responsible ones.
   
   
3. CONSUMER PROTECTION
We recognize that  foreign governments might  violate  the  rights  of
Americans traveling, living,  or owning property abroad, just as those
governments violate the  rights of their own citizens.  We condemn all
such violations, whether the victims are U.S. citizens or not.
   
   
We   support  strong  and  effective  laws  against  fraud  and
Any effort, however,  to extend the  protection of the  United  States
misrepresentation.  However, we oppose paternalistic regulations which
government to U.S.   citizens when they  or their property fall within
dictate to consumers, impose prices, define standards for products, or
the jurisdiction of  a foreign government  involves potential military
otherwise restrict risk-taking  and  free  choice.   We  oppose
intervention.  We therefore  call upon the United States government to
governmental promotion or imposition of the metric system.
adhere rigidly to the principle that  all U.S. citizens travel, live,
and own property abroad at their own risk. In particular, we oppose
-- as unjust  tax-supported subsidy --  any protection of the foreign
investments of U.S. citizens or businesses.
   
   
We oppose all so-called  "consumer  protection"  legislation which
The issuance of U.S. passports should cease. We look forward to an
infringes upon voluntary trade, and call  for the  abolition  of the
era in which  American citizens and  foreigners can travel anywhere in
Consumer Product Safety Commission.  We advocate the repeal of all
the world without a passport.  We  aim to restore a  world in which
laws banning or  restricting the advertising of prices, products, or
there are no  passports, visas, or  other  papers  required to cross
services.  We specifically oppose laws requiring an individual to buy
borders.  So long as U.S. passports are issued, they should be issued
or use so-called "self-protection" equipment such as safety belts, air
to all individuals  without discrimination and  should not be  revoked
bags, or crash helmets.
for any reason.
   
   
We advocate the  abolition of  the  Federal  Aviation  Administration,
===3. HUMAN RIGHTS===
which has  jeopardized  airline  safety  by  arrogating  to  itself  a
monopoly of safety regulation and enforcement.
   
   
We advocate the  abolition of the Food and Drug Administration  and
We condemn the  violations of human rights in all nations around the
particularly  its  policies  of  mandating  specific  nutritional
world. We particularly  abhor the widespread and increasing use of
requirements and  denying  the  right of   manufacturers to  make
torture for interrogation and punishment.   We  call upon all the
non-fraudulent claims concerning their products. We  advocate an end
world's governments   to   fully   implement   the   principles   and
to compulsory fluoridation of water supplies. We specifically oppose
prescriptions contained in  this platform and  thereby usher in a  new
government regulation of the price, potency,  or quantity able to  be
age of international harmony based upon  the  universal  reign  of
produced or purchased  of drugs or other consumer goods. There should
liberty.
be   no   laws   regarding   what   substances   (nicotine,  alcohol,
hallucinogens, narcotics, Laetrile, artificial sweeteners, vitamin
supplements, or other "drugs") a person may ingest or otherwise use.
   
   
4. EDUCATION
Until such a global triumph for liberty, we support both political and
   
revolutionary actions by  individuals and groups against  governments
We advocate  the   complete  separation of   education and   State.
that violate rights.  We recognize the  right of all people to resist
Government schools  lead  to the  indoctrination of  children and
tyranny and defend themselves and their rights. We condemn, however,
interfere with the free choice of individuals.  Government ownership,
the use of force, and especially the use of terrorism, against the
operation, regulation, and subsidy of schools and colleges should be
innocent, regardless of whether such acts are committed by governments
ended. We call for the repeal of the guarantees of tax-funded,
or by political and revolutionary groups.
government-provided education, which  are  found  in  most  state
   
constitutions.
The violation of rights and liberty  by other governments  can  never
justify foreign intervention  by the United States government.  Today,
no government is innocent of violating human rights and liberty, and
none can approach  the issue with  clean hands.  In keeping with our
goal of peaceful international relations, we call upon the United
States government to cease its hypocrisy and its sullying of the good
name of human rights. Only private individuals and organizations have
any place speaking out on this issue.
   
   
As an interim  measure to encourage  the growth of private schools and
===4. WORLD GOVERNMENT===
variety in education, including home schooling, we support tax credits
for  tuition  and  other  expenditures  related  to  an  individual's
education.  We likewise  favor tax credits  for child care and  oppose
nationalization of the  child-care  industry.  We  oppose  denial  of
tax-exempt  status  to  schools  because  of  those  schools'  private
policies on hiring,  admissions, and student  deportment.  We  support
the repeal of  all taxes on the income or property of private schools,
whether for profit or non-profit.
   
   
We condemn compulsory  education laws, which spawn prison-like schools
We support withdrawal of the United States government from, and an end
with many of the problems associated with prisons, and we call for an
to its financial  support for, the  United Nations.  We  oppose  U.S.
immediate repeal of such laws.
government participation in  any world or international government. We
oppose any treaty under which individual rights would be violated.
   
   
Until  government  involvement  in  education  is  ended,  we  support
===5. SECESSION===
elimination, within the  governmental school system,  of forced busing
and corporal punishment.  We further support  immediate reduction  of
tax support for  schools, and removal  of the burden of  school  taxes
from those not responsible for the education of children.
   
   
5. POPULATION
We recognize the  right to political  secession.  This  includes  the
right  to  secession  by  political  entities,  private  groups,  or
individuals.  Exercise of  this right, like  the exercise of all other
rights, does not remove legal and moral obligations not to violate the
rights of others.
   
   
Recognizing that the  American people are  not a  collective  national
==B. MILITARY==
resource, we oppose all coercive measures for population control.
   
   
We oppose government  actions that either compel or prohibit abortion,
===1. MILITARY POLICY===
sterilization, or any  other forms of birth control.  Specifically, we
condemn the  vicious  practice  of  forced  sterilization  of  welfare
recipients  or  of  mentally  retarded  or  "genetically  defective"
individuals.
   
   
We regard the tragedies caused by unplanned, unwanted pregnancies to
Any U.S. military  policy  should have the objective of providing
be aggravated, if not created, by government policies of censorship,
security for the lives, liberty and property of the American people in
restriction, regulation, and prohibition.  Therefore, we call for the
the U.S. against the  risk of attack by a foreign power.  This
repeal of all laws that restrict anyone, including children, from
objective should be achieved as inexpensively as possible and without
engaging in voluntary exchanges of goods, services,  or  information
undermining the liberties it is designed to protect.
regarding human sexuality, reproduction, birth  control,  or  related
medical or biological technologies.
   
   
We equally oppose government laws and  policies that restrict the
We recognize that  the  one  significant  existing  risk  of  foreign
opportunity to choose alternatives to abortion.
aggression against Americans  is the huge  Soviet arsenal  of  nuclear
weapons.  The potential  use of Soviet, and U.S., nuclear weapons is
the greatest threat to  all  the  peoples of the world,  not  only
Americans.  Thus, the  objective should be  to reduce the risk  that a
nuclear war might begin and its scope if it does.
   
   
We support an end to all subsidies for childbearing built into our
We reject the policy of massive nuclear retaliation known as Mutual
present laws, including  welfare plans and  the   provision  of
Assured Destruction (MAD), a policy which ostensibly deters an attack
tax-supported services for children.   We urge the  elimination  of
by threatening to kill hundreds of millions of innocent people in the
special tax burdens on single people  and  couples  with  few or no
attacker's country and utterly destroy its society. MAD is immoral on
children.
its face and impractical because neither the  U.S.  nor the  Soviet
government continues to believe in its credibility. Furthermore, MAD
provides no defense against irrational or accidental nuclear attack.
   
   
6. TRANSPORTATION
We  call  on  both  the  U.S.  and  Soviet  governments  to  continue
negotiations toward mutual  reduction of nuclear armaments, to the end
that all such  weapons  will  ultimately  be  eliminated,  under  such
conditions of verification  as to ensure mutual security.  During arms
reduction negotiations, and to enhance their progress, the U.S. should
begin the retirement  of some of  its nuclear weapons as  proof of its
commitment.  Because the  U.S. has  many  more  thousands  of  nuclear
weapons than are  currently required, beginning  the process  of  arms
reduction would not  jeopardize American security.  U.S.  weapons  of
indiscriminate  mass  destruction  should  be  replaced  with  smaller
weapons aimed solely  at military targets and not designed or targeted
to kill millions of civilians.
   
   
Government  interference  in  transportation  is  characterized  by
We call on the U.S. government  to remove its nuclear weapons from
monopolistic  restriction,  corruption  and  gross  inefficiency.  We
Europe.  If European countries want nuclear weapons on their soil,
therefore  call  for  the dissolution  of  all  government agencies
they should take full responsibility for them and pay the cost.
concerned  with  transportation,  including  the  Department  of
Transportation,  the  Interstate  Commerce  Commission,  the  Federal
Aviation Administration, the National Transportation Safety Board, the
Coast Guard, and  the Federal Maritime Commission, and the transfer of
their legitimate functions to competitive private firms. We demand
the return of America's railroad system to private ownership.  We call
for the privatization of airports, air traffic control systems, public
roads, and  the  national  highway  system.    We  condemn  the
re-cartelization of commercial aviation  by  the  Federal  Aviation
Administration via  rationing  of  take-off  and landing  rights  and
controlling scheduling in the name of "safety."
   
   
As interim measures,  we advocate  an  immediate  end  to  government
We call for  the replacement of MAD, or nuclear war fighting policies,
regulation of private transit organizations and to governmental favors
with a policy  of  developing cost-effective  defensive systems.
to the transportation industry.   In  particular, we  support  the
Accordingly, we advocate termination of the  1972 ABM treaty or any
immediate repeal of all laws restricting  transit competition such as
future agreement which would prevent defensive systems on U.S.
the granting of taxicab and bus monopolies and the prohibition of
territory or in earth orbit.
private jitney services.  We urge immediate deregulation of the
trucking industry. Likewise,  we advocate  the  immediate  repeal  of
federally imposed speed limits.
   
   
7. POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT
We  call  for  the  withdrawal  of  all  American  military  personnel
stationed abroad, including  the countries of  NATO Europe, Japan, the
Philippines, Central America  and South Korea.  There is no current or
foreseeable risk of  any conventional military  attack on the American
people, particularly from  long distances.  We call for the withdrawal
of the U.S.  from commitments to  engage in war  on  behalf  of  other
governments and  for  abandonment  of  doctrines  supporting  military
intervention such as the Monroe Doctrine and the Reagan Doctrine.
   
   
Government fiscal  and  monetary  measures  that  artificially  foster
===2. PRESIDENTIAL WAR POWERS===
business expansion guarantee  an  eventual  increase  in  unemployment
rather than curtailing  it.  We call  for the immediate  cessation  of
such  policies  as  well  as  any  governmental  attempts  to  affect
employment levels.
   
   
We support repeal of all laws that impede the ability of any person to
We call for  the reform of the Presidential War Powers Act to end the
find employment, such  as minimum wage laws, so-called  "protective"
President's power to initiate military action, and for the abrogation
labor legislation for women and children, governmental restrictions on
of all Presidential declarations of "states of emergency." There must
the establishment of private day-care centers, and the National Labor
be no further  secret commitments and  unilateral acts of military
Relations Act.  We deplore government-fostered forced retirement,
intervention by the Executive Branch.
which robs the elderly of the right to work.
   
   
We seek the elimination of occupational  licensure,  which  prevents
We favor a  Constitutional amendment limiting the presidential role as
human beings from working in whatever  trade they wish.  We call for
Commander-in-Chief to its original meaning, namely that of the head of
the abolition of  all federal, state,  and local  government  agencies
the armed forces in wartime.  The Commander-in-Chief role, correctly
that restrict entry into any profession, such as education and law, or
understood, confers no additional authority on the President.
regulate its practice.  No worker should be legally penalized for lack
of certification, and  no consumer should  be legally restrained  from
hiring unlicensed individuals.
   
   
We oppose all  government welfare, relief  projects, and "aid  to  the
==C. ECONOMIC POLICY==
poor"  programs.  All  these  government  programs  are  invasive  of
privacy, paternalistic, demeaning, and inefficient.  The proper source
of help for  such persons is  the voluntary efforts of  private groups
and individuals.
   
   
To speed the time when governmental programs are replaced by effective
===1. FOREIGN AID===
private institutions we advocate dollar-for-dollar tax credits for all
charitable contributions.
   
   
8. HEALTH CARE
We  support  the  elimination  of  tax-supported  military,  economic,
technical,  and  scientific  aid  to  foreign  governments  or  other
organizations.  We support the abolition of government underwriting of
arms sales.  We  further support abolition  of federal  agencies  that
make American taxpayers  guarantors of export-related  loans, such  as
the Export-Import Bank  and the Commodity Credit Corporation.  We also
oppose the participation  of  the  U.S.  government  in  international
commodity  circles  which  restrict  production,  limit  technological
innovation, and raise prices.
   
   
We advocate the   complete  separation  of   medicine  and  State.
We call for the repeal of  all prohibitions on individuals  or firms
Recognizing the individual's right to self-medication,  we  seek  the
contributing or selling goods and services  to any foreign country or
elimination of all government restrictions on the right of individuals
organization.
to pursue alternative forms of health  care. Individuals  should  be
   
free to contract  with practitioners of  their choice for  all  health
===2. INTERNATIONAL MONEY===
care services.  We  oppose any government  infringement  upon  the
practitioner-patient  relationship  through  regulatory  agencies  or
contracted  review  organizations.   We  condemn  the  practice  of
criminally prosecuting  medical  practitioners  under  the anti-trust
laws.
   
   
We oppose any form of compulsory National Health Insurance, including
We favor withdrawal of the United States from all international paper
mandatory health insurance  benefits  required  of  employers  by  the
money and other inflationary credit schemes.  We favor withdrawal from
government.  We favor abolition of Medicare and Medicaid programs.  We
the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
also oppose any  state or federal  area planning boards  whose  stated
purpose is to  consolidate health services or avoid their duplication.
We  support  the   removal  of  all  government  barriers  to  medical
advertising, including prohibition of publication of doctors' fees and
drug prices.  We  further support the elimination of  laws  requiring
prescriptions for the dispensing of medicines and other health-related
items.
   
   
We condemn efforts by government to impose a medical orthodoxy on
We strongly oppose any bailout of foreign governments or American
society.  We specifically  oppose  the  attempt by  state  and  local
banks by the  United States, either by  means of  the  International
governments to deny  parents the right  to choose the option of  home
Monetary Fund or through any other governmental device.
births and to  discourage the development of privately funded women's
clinics.  We call  for the  repeal  of  all  laws  that  restrict  the
practice of lay  midwifery or that  permit harassment of lay  midwives
and home birth  practitioners.  We also  call for the  repeal  of  all
medical licensing laws, which have raised medical costs while creating
a government-imposed monopoly of doctors and hospitals.
   
   
Since a person's  body is his  or her own property, we favor repeal of
===3. UNOWNED RESOURCES===
the existing prohibition  on the commercial  sale and purchase of body
parts.
   
   
We favor the deregulation of the health insurance industry, and oppose
We oppose any  recognition of fiat  claims by national governments  or
government-imposed limits on its use of  genetic and other screening
international bodies to  unclaimed territory.  Individuals  have  the
and testing methods.  We oppose  laws that limit the freedom of
right to homestead unowned resources, both within the jurisdictions of
contract of  patients  and health care  professionals,  and  laws
national governments and within such unclaimed territory as the ocean,
regulating the supply of legal aid on a contingency fee basis.   We
Antarctica, and the volume of outer space. We urge the development of
also oppose subsidy of malpractice insurance through public funds. We
objective international standards for recognizing homesteaded claims
call for the  repeal of laws forcing health care  professionals to
to private ownership of such forms of property as transportation
render medical services in emergencies or other situations.
lanes, broadcast bands, mineral rights, fishing rights,  and  ocean
farming rights.  All laws, treaties, and international agreements that
would prevent or restrict homesteading of unowned resources should be
abolished.  We specifically  hail the U.S.  refusal  to  accept  the
proposed Law of  the Sea Treaty because the treaty excluded private
property principles, and we oppose any future ratification.
   
==D. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS==
   
===1. COLONIALISM===
   
   
We recognize that AIDS is a dread disease of epidemic  proportions.
United States colonialism has left a legacy of property confiscation,
But governmental proposals  to  combat  it  present  an  unprecedented
economic manipulation, and over-extended defense boundaries.  We favor
threat to individual  liberty and often  encourage the spread  of  the
immediate self-determination for   all people living in colonial
disease.  We oppose all government-mandated AIDS  testing.   We are
dependencies, such as Samoa, Guam, Micronesia, the Virgin Islands, and
opposed to FDA restrictions which make it difficult for individuals to
Puerto Rico, to free these people from United States dominance,
secure treatment for  this disease.  We  also  call  for  the
accompanied by the  termination of subsidization of them at taxpayers'
decriminalization of hypodermic  syringes,  especially since sharing
expense.  Land seized  by  the  United States government should be
needles is now a major means of transmission of the  disease.  We
returned to its rightful owners.
oppose government-mandated contact tracing and state intervention into
the private medical records of individuals.  We are opposed to efforts
by the government, especially the postal service, to restrict  the
dissemination of AIDS education material. We  support the rights  of
all individuals to  freedom of association  including the right not to
associate.
   
   
We condemn attempts  at the federal,  state, or local level to cripple
===2. FOREIGN INTERVENTION===
the advance of  science by governmental  restriction of research.  We
oppose subsidies to,  or restrictions of,  medical education.  We call
for an end  to government policies compelling individuals to submit to
medical experiments, treatment,  and testing.  We  condemn  compulsory
hospitalization, compulsory vaccination,  and compulsory fluoridation.
As interim measures,  we advocate dollar-for-dollar tax credits to any
individual or group  providing health care  services to the  needy  or
paying for such  services.  Tax credits  should also be made available
for private grants to medical education and medical research.
   
   
Because all individuals should have full responsibility and control of
We  would end   the  current U.S.  government policy of   foreign
their own lives, we support the right of terminally or hopelessly ill
intervention, including military and economic aid, guarantees, and
persons to end their lives.  We  support the freedom to use living
diplomatic meddling. We would end all limitation of private foreign
wills and durable medical powers of attorney  in  which  individuals
aid, both military and economic.  Voluntary cooperation with any
declare the manner in which they are to be treated and the procedures
economic boycott should not be treated as a crime.
for disposal of their remains. In the absence of such wills and the
ability for the  individual to choose (e.g. coma) the matter should be
decided by such person or persons as the individual may have clearly
preferred, with whatever guidance they may  desire.  In keeping  with
the principle of non-coercion, no individual shall be forced to either
continue or terminate life sustaining care.  This right does not
entitle individuals to force medical professionals or others to assist
them in ending their lives or in continuing life support.
   
   
9. RESOURCE USE
We would repeal  the Neutrality  Act  of  1794,  and  all  other  U.S.
neutrality laws  which  restrict  the  efforts  of  Americans  to  aid
overseas organizations fighting to overthrow or change governments.
   
   
Resource management is properly the responsibility and right of the
We would no  longer incorporate foreign nations into the U.S. defense
legitimate owners of  land, water, and  other natural resources.  We
perimeter.  We would cease the creation and maintenance of U.S. bases
oppose government control of resource use through eminent domain,
and sites for the pre-positioning of  military material in other
zoning laws, building codes, rent control, regional planning, urban
countries.  We would end the practice of  stationing of American
renewal, or purchase of development rights with  tax money.  Such
military troops overseas.
regulations and programs violate property rights, discriminate against
minorities, create housing shortages, and tend to cause higher rents.
   
   
We advocate the  establishment of an  efficient  and  just  system  of
We make no exceptions to the above.
private water rights,  applied to all  bodies of  water,  surface  and
underground.  Such a  system should be  built upon a doctrine of first
claim and  use.  The  allocation  of  water  should  be  governed  by
unrestricted  competition  and  unregulated  prices.  All  government
restrictions upon private use or voluntary transfer of water rights or
similar despotic controls  can only  aggravate  the  misallocation  of
water.
We also advocate  the privatization of government and quasi-government
water supply systems.  The construction of  government dams and other
water projects should  cease, and existing  government water  projects
should be transferred to private ownership.  We favor the abolition of
the Bureau of  Reclamation and the  Army Corps of Engineers'  civilian
functions.  We also  favor the abolition  of all local water districts
and their power to tax.  Only the complete separation of water and the
State will prevent future water crises.
We call for  the  homesteading  or  other  just  transfer  to  private
ownership of federally  held lands.  We  oppose any use  of  executive
orders invoking the  Antiquities Act to  set aside public  lands.  We
call for the  abolition of the  Bureau of Land Management and the U.S.
Forest Service.  Forced  surface-mining of privately homesteaded lands
in which the  government has reserved  surface mining rights to itself
is a violation of the rights of the present landholders.  We recognize
the legitimacy of  resource planning by  means of  private,  voluntary
covenants.  We oppose  creation of new  government parks or wilderness
and recreation areas.  Such parks and areas that already exist should
be  transferred  to  non-government  ownership.  Pending  such  just
transfer, their operating  costs should be borne by their users rather
than by taxpayers.
10. AGRICULTURE
America's free market  in agriculture, the  system that feeds much  of
the  world,  has  been  plowed  under  by  government  intervention.
Government  subsidies,  regulation,  and  taxes  have  encouraged  the
centralization of agricultural  business.  Government export  policies
hold  American  farmers  hostage  to  the  political  whims  of  both
Republican and Democratic  administrations.  Government  embargoes  on
grain sales and  other obstacles to  free trade  have  frustrated  the
development of free  and stable trade relationships between peoples of
the world.
The agricultural problems  facing America  today  are  not  insoluble,
however.  Government policies  can be reversed.  Farmers and consumers
alike should be  free from the meddling and counterproductive measures
of the federal  government -- free  to grow, sell, and  buy what  they
want, in the  quantity they want,  when they want.  Five  steps can be
taken immediately:
a.  abolition of the Department of Agriculture
b.  elimination of  all  government  farm  programs,  including  price
supports,  direct  subsidies,  and  all  regulation  on  agricultural
production;
c.  deregulation of  the transportation industry  and abolition of the
Interstate Commerce Commission;
d.  repeal of federal inheritance taxes; and
e.  ending government  involvement in agricultural  pest  control.  A
policy of pest  control whereby private  individuals  or  corporations
bear full responsibility  for damages they  inflict on their neighbors
should be implemented.
11. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT (OSHA)
We call for  the repeal of  the Occupational Safety  and  Health  Act.
This law denies the right to liberty and property to both employer and
employee, and it  interferes in their  private contractual  relations.
OSHA's arbitrary and high-handed actions invade property rights, raise
costs, and are an injustice imposed on business.
12. SOCIAL SECURITY
We favor  the  repeal  of  the  fraudulent,  virtually  bankrupt,  and
increasingly oppressive Social  Security system.  Pending that repeal,
participation in Social Security should be made voluntary.  Victims of
the Social  Security  tax  should  have  a  claim  against  government
property.  We note  that members of  the U.S.  Congress,  and  certain
federal, state, and local government employees, have been accorded the
privileges of non-participation, one which is not accorded the working
men and women of America.
13. POSTAL SERVICE
We propose the  abolition  of  the  government  Postal  Service.  The
present  system,  in  addition  to  being  inefficient,  encourages
government surveillance of private correspondence.  Pending abolition,
we call for  an end to  the monopoly  system  and  for  allowing  free
competition in all aspects of postal service.
14. CIVIL SERVICE
We propose the abolition of the Civil Service system, which entrenches
a permanent and  growing bureaucracy upon the land.  We recognize that
the Civil Service  is inherently a  system of concealed patronage.  We
therefore recommend return  to the Jeffersonian  principle of rotation
in office.
15. ELECTION LAWS
We call for  an  end  to  government  control  of  political  parties,
consistent with First  Amendment rights to  freedom of association and
freedom of expression.  As private voluntary groups, political parties
should  be  allowed  to  establish  their  own  rules  for  nomination
procedures, primaries, and conventions.
We urge repeal  of the Federal  Election Campaign Act which suppresses
voluntary support of  candidates and  parties,  compels  taxpayers  to
subsidize politicians and  political views which  many do not wish  to
support, invades the  privacy of American  citizens, and protects  the
Republican and Democratic  parties  from  competition.  This  law  is
particularly dangerous as it enables the federal government to control
the elections of  its own administrators  and  beneficiaries,  thereby
further reducing its accountability to the citizens.
Elections at all  levels should be in the control of those who wish to
participate in or  support them voluntarily.  We therefore call for an
end to any  tax-financed subsidies to  candidates or parties  and  the
repeal of all  laws which restrict  voluntary  financing  of  election
campaigns.
Many state legislatures  have  established  prohibitively  restrictive
laws which in  effect exclude alternative  candidates and parties from
their rightful place  on election ballots.  Such laws wrongfully deny
ballot access to  political candidates and groups and further deny the
voters their right  to consider all  legitimate alternatives.  We hold
that no state  has an interest  to protect in this area except for the
fair and efficient conduct of elections.
The Australian ballot system, introduced into the United States in the
late nineteenth century,  is an abridgement  of freedom of  expression
and of voting  rights.  Under it,  the names  of  all  the  officially
approved candidates are  printed  in  a  single  government  sponsored
format and the  voter indicates his  or her choice by marking it or by
writing in an  approved but  unlisted  candidate's  name.  We  should
return to the  previous electoral system  where there was no official
ballot or candidate approval at all, and therefore no state or federal
restriction of access to a "single ballot."  Instead, voters submitted
their own choices  and had the  option of  using  "tickets"  or  cards
printed by candidates or political parties.
In order to grant voters a full range of choice in federal, state, and
local elections, we  propose the addition  of the alternative "None of
the above is  acceptable" to all  ballots.  We further propose that in
the event that  "none of the above is acceptable" receives a plurality
of votes in  any election, the  elective office for that  term  should
remain unfilled and unfunded.
                        IV. FOREIGN AFFAIRS
American foreign policy should seek an America at peace with the world
and the defense  -- against  attack  from  abroad  --  of  the  lives,
liberty, and  property  of  the  American  people  on  American  soil.
Provision of such defense must respect the individual rights of people
everywhere.
The principle of  non-intervention should guide  relationships between
governments.  The  United  States  government  should  return  to  the
historic  libertarian  tradition  of  avoiding  entangling  alliances,
abstaining totally from  foreign quarrels and  imperialist adventures,
and  recognizing  the  right  to  unrestricted  trade,  travel,  and
immigration.
                        A. DIPLOMATIC POLICY
1. NEGOTIATIONS
The important principle in foreign policy should be the elimination of
intervention by the  United States government  in the affairs of other
nations.  We would  negotiate  with  any  foreign  government  without
necessarily conceding moral legitimacy to that government.  We favor a
drastic  reduction  in  cost  and  size  of  our  total  diplomatic
establishment.  In addition,  we favor the  repeal of the  Logan  Act,
which prohibits private  American citizens from engaging in diplomatic
negotiations with foreign governments.
2. INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL AND FOREIGN INVESTMENTS
We recognize that  foreign governments might  violate  the  rights  of
Americans traveling, living,  or owning property abroad, just as those
governments violate the  rights of their own citizens.  We condemn all
such violations, whether the victims are U.S. citizens or not.
Any effort, however,  to extend the  protection of the  United  States
government to U.S.  citizens when they  or their property fall within
the jurisdiction of  a foreign government  involves potential military
intervention.  We therefore  call upon the United States government to
adhere rigidly to  the principle that  all U.S. citizens travel, live,
and own property  abroad at their  own risk.  In particular, we oppose
-- as unjust  tax-supported subsidy --  any protection of the  foreign
investments of U.S. citizens or businesses.
The issuance of  U.S. passports should  cease.  We look forward  to an
era in which  American citizens and  foreigners can travel anywhere in
the world without  a passport.  We  aim to restore a  world  in  which
there are no  passports, visas, or  other  papers  required  to  cross
borders.  So long  as U.S. passports are issued, they should be issued
to all individuals  without discrimination and  should not be  revoked
for any reason.
3. HUMAN RIGHTS
We condemn the  violations of human  rights in all nations  around the
world.  We particularly  abhor the widespread  and increasing  use  of
torture for interrogation  and  punishment.  We  call  upon  all  the
world's  governments  to  fully  implement  the  principles  and
prescriptions contained in  this platform and  thereby usher in a  new
age of  international  harmony  based  upon  the  universal  reign  of
liberty.
Until such a global triumph for liberty, we support both political and
revolutionary actions by  individuals and groups  against  governments
that violate rights.  We recognize the  right of all people to resist
tyranny and defend  themselves and their rights.  We condemn, however,
the use of  force, and especially  the use of terrorism,  against  the
innocent, regardless of whether such acts are committed by governments
or by political and revolutionary groups.
The violation of  rights and liberty  by other governments  can  never
justify foreign intervention  by the United States government.  Today,
no government is  innocent of violating  human rights and liberty, and
none can approach  the issue with  clean hands.  In keeping  with  our
goal of peaceful  international relations, we  call  upon  the  United
States government to  cease its hypocrisy and its sullying of the good
name of human rights.  Only private individuals and organizations have
any place speaking out on this issue.
4. WORLD GOVERNMENT
We support withdrawal of the United States government from, and an end
to its financial  support for, the  United Nations.  We  oppose  U.S.
government participation in  any world or international government. We
oppose any treaty under which individual rights would be violated.
5. SECESSION
We recognize the  right to political  secession.  This  includes  the
right  to  secession  by  political  entities,  private  groups,  or
individuals.  Exercise of  this right, like  the exercise of all other
rights, does not remove legal and moral obligations not to violate the
rights of others.
                            B. MILITARY
1. MILITARY POLICY
Any U.S. military  policy  should  have  the  objective  of  providing
security for the lives, liberty and property of the American people in
the U.S. against  the  risk  of  attack  by  a  foreign  power.  This
objective should be  achieved as inexpensively as possible and without
undermining the liberties it is designed to protect.
We recognize  that  the  one  significant  existing  risk  of  foreign
aggression against Americans  is the huge  Soviet arsenal  of  nuclear
weapons.  The potential  use of Soviet,  and U.S., nuclear weapons  is
the greatest threat  to  all  the  peoples  of  the  world,  not  only
Americans.  Thus, the  objective should be  to reduce the risk  that a
nuclear war might begin and its scope if it does.
We reject the  policy of massive  nuclear retaliation known as  Mutual
Assured Destruction (MAD),  a policy which ostensibly deters an attack
by threatening to  kill hundreds of millions of innocent people in the
attacker's country and utterly destroy its society.  MAD is immoral on
its face and  impractical because neither  the  U.S.  nor  the  Soviet
government continues to  believe in its credibility.  Furthermore, MAD
provides no defense against irrational or accidental nuclear attack.
We  call  on  both  the  U.S.  and  Soviet  governments  to  continue
negotiations toward mutual  reduction of nuclear armaments, to the end
that all such  weapons  will  ultimately  be  eliminated,  under  such
conditions of verification  as to ensure mutual security.  During arms
reduction negotiations, and to enhance their progress, the U.S. should
begin the retirement  of some of  its nuclear weapons as  proof of its
commitment.  Because the  U.S. has  many  more  thousands  of  nuclear
weapons than are  currently required, beginning  the process  of  arms
reduction would not  jeopardize American security.  U.S.  weapons  of
indiscriminate  mass  destruction  should  be  replaced  with  smaller
weapons aimed solely  at military targets and not designed or targeted
to kill millions of civilians.
We call on  the U.S. government  to remove its  nuclear  weapons  from
Europe.  If European  countries want nuclear  weapons on  their  soil,
they should take full responsibility for them and pay the cost.
We call for  the replacement of MAD, or nuclear war fighting policies,
with  a  policy  of  developing  cost-effective  defensive  systems.
Accordingly, we advocate  termination of the  1972 ABM treaty  or  any
future  agreement  which  would  prevent  defensive  systems  on  U.S.
territory or in earth orbit.
We  call  for  the  withdrawal  of  all  American  military  personnel
stationed abroad, including  the countries of  NATO Europe, Japan, the
Philippines, Central America  and South Korea.  There is no current or
foreseeable risk of  any conventional military  attack on the American
people, particularly from  long distances.  We call for the withdrawal
of the U.S.  from commitments to  engage in war  on  behalf  of  other
governments and  for  abandonment  of  doctrines  supporting  military
intervention such as the Monroe Doctrine and the Reagan Doctrine.
2. PRESIDENTIAL WAR POWERS
We call for  the reform of  the Presidential War Powers Act to end the
President's power to  initiate military action, and for the abrogation
of all Presidential declarations of "states of emergency."  There must
be no further  secret commitments  and  unilateral  acts  of  military
intervention by the Executive Branch.
We favor a  Constitutional amendment limiting the presidential role as
Commander-in-Chief to its original meaning, namely that of the head of
the armed forces  in wartime.  The  Commander-in-Chief role, correctly
understood, confers no additional authority on the President.
                          C. ECONOMIC POLICY
1. FOREIGN AID
We  support  the  elimination  of  tax-supported  military,  economic,
technical,  and  scientific  aid  to  foreign  governments  or  other
organizations.  We support the abolition of government underwriting of
arms sales.  We  further support abolition  of federal  agencies  that
make American taxpayers  guarantors of export-related  loans, such  as
the Export-Import Bank  and the Commodity Credit Corporation.  We also
oppose the participation  of  the  U.S.  government  in  international
commodity  circles  which  restrict  production,  limit  technological
innovation, and raise prices.
We call for  the repeal of  all prohibitions on individuals  or  firms
contributing or selling  goods and services  to any foreign country or
organization.
2. INTERNATIONAL MONEY
We favor withdrawal  of the United States from all international paper
money and other inflationary credit schemes.  We favor withdrawal from
the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
We strongly oppose  any bailout of  foreign  governments  or  American
banks by the  United States, either  by  means  of  the  International
Monetary Fund or through any other governmental device.
3. UNOWNED RESOURCES
We oppose any  recognition of fiat  claims by national governments  or
international bodies to  unclaimed territory.  Individuals  have  the
right to homestead unowned resources, both within the jurisdictions of
national governments and within such unclaimed territory as the ocean,
Antarctica, and the volume of outer space.  We urge the development of
objective international standards  for recognizing homesteaded  claims
to private ownership  of such  forms  of  property  as  transportation
lanes, broadcast bands,  mineral rights,  fishing  rights,  and  ocean
farming rights.  All laws, treaties, and international agreements that
would prevent or  restrict homesteading of unowned resources should be
abolished.  We specifically  hail  the  U.S.  refusal  to  accept  the
proposed Law of  the Sea Treaty  because the treaty  excluded  private
property principles, and we oppose any future ratification.
                      D. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
1. COLONIALISM
United States colonialism  has left a legacy of property confiscation,
economic manipulation, and over-extended defense boundaries.  We favor
immediate  self-determination  for  all  people  living  in  colonial
dependencies, such as Samoa, Guam, Micronesia, the Virgin Islands, and
Puerto Rico, to  free  these  people  from  United  States  dominance,
accompanied by the  termination of subsidization of them at taxpayers'
expense.  Land seized  by  the  United  States  government  should  be
returned to its rightful owners.
2. FOREIGN INTERVENTION
We  would  end  the  current  U.S.  government  policy  of  foreign
intervention, including military  and economic  aid,  guarantees,  and
diplomatic meddling. We  would end all  limitation of private  foreign
aid, both military  and  economic.  Voluntary  cooperation  with  any
economic boycott should not be treated as a crime.
We would repeal  the Neutrality  Act  of  1794,  and  all  other  U.S.
neutrality laws  which  restrict  the  efforts  of  Americans  to  aid
overseas organizations fighting to overthrow or change governments.
We would no  longer incorporate foreign  nations into the U.S. defense
perimeter.  We would  cease the creation and maintenance of U.S. bases
and sites for  the  pre-positioning  of  military  material  in  other
countries.  We would  end  the  practice  of  stationing  of  American
military troops overseas.
   
   
We make no exceptions to the above.
===3. SPACE EXPLORATION===
3. SPACE EXPLORATION
   
   
We oppose all  government restrictions upon  voluntary peaceful use of
We oppose all  government restrictions upon  voluntary peaceful use of
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=V. OMISSIONS=
                            V. OMISSIONS
   
   
Our silence about  any other particular  government  law,  regulation,
Our silence about  any other particular  government  law,  regulation,
Line 1,859: Line 1,682:




[[Category:Libertarian Party]]
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{{Succession box|
before=[[1990 Libertarian Party Platform]]|
title=[[1992]] [[Libertarian Party Platform]]|
years=[[1991]]-[[1993]] | after=[[1994 Libertarian Party Platform]]
}}
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[[Category:National Party Platforms]]
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